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== I. [[ORGANIZACION_DE_LA_INGESTA_OTORDUAK/en|ORGANISING FOOD INTAKE]] ==
=== [[#Comidas_domesticas_en_dias_laborables|Household meals on working days]] ===
==== [[#Distribucion_de_las_comidas|Distribution of the meals]] ====
==== [[#Horarios|Times]] ====
==== [[#Composicion_de_cada_comida|Composition of each meal]] ====
==== [[#Refecciones_matutinas_Barausia_Gosaria_Amaiketakoa|Morning refreshments]] ====
==== [[#Comida_Bazkaria|Lunch]] ====
==== [[#Merienda|Afternoon snack]] ====
==== [[#Cena_Afaria|Dinner]] ====
=== [[#Comidas_fuera_del_hogar_pastores_pescadores_y_otros|Meals outside the home: shepherds, fishermen and others]] ===
=== [[##Comidas_de_domingo|Sunday meals]] ===
=== [[#Secuencia_de_los_diversos_platos|Sequence of the different dishes]] ===
=== [[#Colocacion_de_los_comensales|Seating arrangements]] ===
=== [[#La_mesa|The table]] ===
=== [[#Del_plato_comun_al_plato_individual|From the communal dish to the individual plate]] ===
=== [[#Los_cubiertos|Cutlery]] ===
 
== II. [[PLEGARIAS_EN_LA_MESA_FAMILIAR/en|PRAYING AT FAMILY MEALTIMES]] ==
=== [[#Vigencia_de_la_bendicion|Effect of the blessing]] ===
=== [[#Oraciones_familiares|Family prayers]] ===
=== [[#El_rito_de_la_bendicion_de_la_mesa|Rite of blessing the table]] ===
=== [[#Plegarias_de_bendicion|Blessing prayers]] ===
==== [[#Formulas_de_bendicion_en_euskera|Blessing formulas in Basque]] ====
==== [[#Formulas_de_bendicion_en_castellano|Blessing formulas in Spanish]] ====
==== [[#Recuerdo_de_los_familiares_difuntos|Remembering dead relatives]] ====
==== [[#Oraciones_despues_de_las_comidas|Prayers after meals]] ====
==== [[#Formulas_de_cortesia|Polite forms of address]] ====
==== [[#Bendiciones_jocosas|Tongue-in-cheek blessings]] ====
 
== III. [[LA_ELABORACION_TRADICIONAL_DEL_PAN/en|TRADITIONAL BREAD MAKING]] ==
=== [[#Generalidades|General points]] ===
==== [[#Periodicidad_de_la_hornada|Frequency of the batch bakes]] ====
==== [[#Las_harinas|The flours]] ====
=== [[#Preparacion_del_horno_Labasua|Preparing the oven]] ===
==== [[#Utensilios_empleados_y_operaciones_efectuadas_en_el_horno_Carga_encendido_y_limpieza_dispersión_y_acumulación_de_las_brasas_barrido_de_la_solera_introducción_y_extracción_de_los_panes|Utensils used and operations carried out in the oven: Fuelling, lighting and cleaning spreading and building up the embers, sweeping the floor, loading and removing the loaves]] ====
==== [[#El_combustible|The fuel]] ====
==== [[#Otros_usos_del_horno|Other uses of the oven]] ====
=== [[#El_pan_de_trigo_Ogia|Wheat bread]] ===
==== [[#La_levadura_Azkarria_Origen_conservacion_y_preparacion|Yeast: Source, storage and preparation]] ====
==== [[#Amasamiento_y_elaboracion_de_las_piezas_de_pan_Ogia_ezarri|Kneading and preparing the individual loaves]] ====
**The trough
**Storing the bread
==== [[#Agregados_a_la_harina_de_trigo|Additions to the wheat flour]] ====
**Usual dough ingredients
**Rye bread
==== [[#Forma_y_peso_del_pan_Tipos_de_panes|Shape and weight of the bread. Types of bread]] ====
**Bread loaf
**Bread with egg or chorizo sausage
==== [[#El_pan_en_la_actualidad|The bread today]] ====
=== [[#La_harina_de_maiz|Corn flour]] ===
==== [[#El_pan_de_maiz_Artoa|Cornbread]] ====
**Area eaten
**Eating the cornbread
==== [[#El_talo|''Talo'' (Corn flatbread)]] ====
**Eating ''talo''
**Food eaten with ''talo''
==== [[#El_morokil_y_papillas_similares|''Morokil'' (Corn porridge) and similar cereal porridges]] ====
=== [[#Ritos_y_creencias_asociados_al_pan|Rites and beliefs associated with bread]] ===
==== [[#Tratamiento_ritual_del_pan_domestico|Ritual treatment of household bread]] ====
==== [[#El_pan_ofrecido_a_los_mendigos|The bread offered to beggars]] ====
==== [[#Reparto_de_pan_en_la_iglesia|Bread handed out at church]] ====
==== [[#El_pan_de_ofrendas_Olata_En_el_funeral_en_la_sepultura_familiar_en_Todos_los_Santos_y_el_Dia_de_Difuntos|Offertory bread: During the funeral, at the family grave, on All Saints and All Souls']] ====
 
== IV. [[MATANZA_DOMESTICA_DE_ANIMALES/en|DOMESTIC SLAUGHTERING OF ANIMALS]] ==
=== [[#Matanza_del_cerdo|Pig slaughtering]] ===
==== [[#Engorde|Fattening]] ====
==== [[#Tiempo_de_la_matanza_y_creencias_Azeguna|Timing of the slaughter and beliefs]] ====
==== [[#Sacrificio_Txerri_hiltzea|Slaughter]] ====
==== [[#El_chamuscado|Carcass singeing]] ====
==== [[#Vaciamiento|Gutting]] ====
==== [[#Enfriamiento_y_reposo|Cooling and resting]] ====
==== [[#Pesada_y_despiece|Weighing and jointing]] ====
==== [[#Los_embutidos|Cured meats]] ====
**Black puddings: Preparation and varieties
**Other cured meats: Sausages, salcichón (cured sausage), butifarra (blood sausage), boar's head (brawn)
==== [[#Conservacion_de_otras_partes_del_cerdo|Preserving others parts of the pig]] ====
**Hams
**Loins, ribs, ears, legs and snouts
==== [[#Obsequios_con_ocasion_de_la_matanza|Gifts at slaughter time]] ====
==== [[#Transformaciones_en_la_matanza_domestica_del_cerdo|Changes in the domestic slaughtering of the pig]] ====
=== [[#Ovejas_y_corderos_Ardikia|Ewes and lambs]] ===
==== [[#Sacrificio|Slaughter]] ====
==== [[#Embutidos|Cured meats]] ====
=== [[#Cabras_y_cabritos|Nanny goats and kids]] ===
=== [[#Ganado_mayor|Large livestock]] ===
==== [[#Ganado_vacuno_La_cecina_Arakia|Cattle. ''Cecina'' (Cured, air-dried beef)]] ====
==== [[#Caballos|Horses]] ====
=== [[#Conejos|Rabbits]] ===
=== [[#Aves_domesticas|Poultry]] ===
==== [[#Gallinas_pollos_capones_y_gallos|Hens, chickens, capons and cockerels]] ====
==== [[#Pavos|Turkeys]] ====
==== [[#Palomas_y_pichones|Doves and pigeons]] ====
==== [[#Patos_y_ocas|Ducks and geese]] ====
=== [[#Carnes_de_caza|Game]] ===
 
== V. [[LA_LECHE_Y_SUS_DERIVADOS/en|MILK AND DAIRY PRODUCTS]] ==
=== [[#La_leche|Milk]] ===
==== [[#Tipos_consumo_y_comercializacion|Types, consumption and marketing]] ====
**Ewe's milk
**Ass's milk
==== [[#La_leche_perdida|Spoiled milk]] ====
==== [[#Piedras_rusientes_Esne_arriak|Hot stones]] ====
==== [[#La_nata|Cream]] ====
==== [[#El_calostro_Esne_barria|Colostrum]] ====
=== [[#El_queso|Cheese]] ===
==== [[#Los_quesos_en_funcion_del_tipo_de leche|The cheeses depending on the type of milk]] ====
==== [[#Elaboracion_tradicional_del_queso_de_oveja|Traditional methods for making ewe's cheese]] ====
**Milking
**Adding salt
==== [[#El_suero_Gazura|Whey]] ====
==== [[#Maduracion_y_conservacion_de_los_quesos|Maturing and storing the cheeses]] ====
==== [[#Formas_y_tipos_de_queso|Shapes and types of cheese]] ====
==== [[#Comercializacion_del_queso|Marketing the cheese]] ====
==== [[##Utensilios_empleados_en_la_elaboracion_del_queso|Utensils used to make the cheese]] ====
=== [[##Otros_derivados_lacteos|Other dairy products]] ===
==== [[##Requeson_Zenbera|Curd cheese]] ====
==== [[##La_cuajada_Mamia_Gatzatua|Junket]] ====
==== [[#Mantequilla|Butter]] ====
==== [[#Yogur|Yoghurt]] ====
 
== VI. [[CONSUMO_Y_CONSERVACION_DE_PRODUCTOS_VEGETALES/en|CONSUMING AND PRESERVING VEGETABLE PRODUCTS]] ==
=== [[##Consumo_de_productos_horticolas|Consumption of horticultural products]] ===
==== [[#Legumbres|Pulses and beans]] ====
==== [[#Verduras_y_otros_productos_vegetales|Leafy vegetables and other vegetable products]] ====
=== [[#Metodos_domesticos_de_conservacion|Domestic preserving methods]] ===
==== [[#Desecacion|Drying]] ====
==== [[#Conservacion_con_azucar|Preserving using sugar]] ====
==== [[##Conservacion_en_vinagre|Preserving in vinegar]] ====
==== [[##Envasado|Bottling and canning]] ====
==== [[#Conservacion_en_frio|Cold preservation]] ====
=== [[#Productos_conservados|Preserved products]] ===
==== [[##Frutas|Fruit]] ====
==== [[#Frutos_secos|Dried fruit and nuts]] ====
==== [[##Legumbres_Conservacion|Pulses and beans]] ====
==== [[#Hortalizas|Vegetables]] ====
=== [[#La_congelacion|Freezing]] ===
==== [[#Legumbres_Congelacion|Pulses and beans]] ====
==== [[#Verduras|Leafy vegetables]] ====
==== [[##Frutas_Congelacion|Fruit]] ====
==== [[#Setas|Mushroom]] ====
==== [[#Otros_productos_no_vegetales|Other non-plant products]] ====
==== [[#Alimentos_cocinados|Cooked food]] ====
==== [[##Alimentos_congelados|Frozen food]] ====
 
== VII. [[PREPARACION_Y_CONSERVACION_DE_HUEVOS/en|PREPARING AND PRESERVING EGGS]] ==
=== [[#Preparacion_de_huevos|Preparing eggs]] ===
==== [[###Asados|Baked]] ====
==== [[#Cocinados_en_agua|Cooked in water]] ====
==== [[#Cocinados_en_aceite|Cooked in oil]] ====
==== [[##Acompañando_a_otros_ingredientes|Added to other ingredients]] ====
==== [[#Otras_aplicaciones|Other applications]] ====
=== [[#Conservacion_de_huevos|Preserving eggs]] ===
==== [[#Conservacion_en_cal|Preserving in lime]] ====
==== [[#Conservacion_en_sal|Preserving in salt]] ====
==== [[#Otros_procedimientos_de_conservacion|Other preserving procedures ]] ====
 
== VIII. [[CONSUMO_DE_ANIMALES_ACUATICOS/en|CONSUMPTION OF AQUATIC LIFE]] ==
=== [[#Animales_marinos|Marine life]] ===
==== [[#Mariscos|Shellfish]] ====
**Molluscs
**Crustaceans
==== [[#Pescados|Fish]] ====
**Frequently consumed species
**More restricted consumption species
==== [[#Las_angulas_Pesca_y_preparacion|Elvers: Fishing and preparation]] ====
=== [[#Animales_de_agua_dulce|Fresh water life]] ===
==== [[#Peces_de_rio|River fish]] ====
==== [[#Crustaceos|Crustaceans]] ====
==== [[#Las_ranas|Frogs]] ====
 
== IX. [[CONSUMO_DE_SETAS_Y_CARACOLES/en|CONSUMPTION OF MUSHROOMS AND SNAILS]] ==
=== [[#Las_setas|Mushrooms]] ===
==== [[#Toxicidad|Toxicity]] ====
==== [[#Conservacion1|Preserving]] ====
==== [[#Cultivo_del_champiñón|Growing button mushrooms]] ====
==== [[#Preparacion_de_las_setas|Preparing mushrooms]] ====
==== [[#Introduccion_de_nuevas_especies|Introducing new species]] ====
==== [[#Recogida|Harvesting]] ====
==== [[#Descripcion_de_especies|Species description]] ====
**Most consumed mushrooms
**Unspecified mushrooms
=== [[#Los_caracoles|Snails]] ===
==== [[#Variedades_recogidas|Varieties harvested]] ====
==== [[#Epocas_de_recogida|Harvest periods]] ====
==== [[#Diferentes_actitudes_ante_el_consumo_de_caracoles|Different attitudes to eating snails]] ====
==== [[#Mantenimiento_de_los_caracoles_recogidos|Keeping the harvested snails]] ====
==== [[#Limpieza_de_los_caracoles|Cleaning the snails]] ====
==== [[#Coccion_de_los_caracoles|Cooking the snails]] ====
==== [[#Preparacion_de_los_caracoles|Preparing the snails]] ====
==== [[#Elaboracion_de_caldo_con_el_agua_de_coccion|Making stock using the cooking water]] ====
 
== X. [[PREPARACION_DE_LAS_COMIDAS_DOMESTICAS/en|PREPARING THE MEALS FOR THE HOUSEHOLD]] ==
=== [[#El_fuego|Heat source]] ===
=== [[#Los_utensilios|Utensils]] ===
=== [[#Cultura_culinaria|Culinary culture]] ===
=== [[#Caldos_y_sopas|Stocks and soups]] ===
=== [[#Cocidos_de_legumbres_Lapikokoak_Eltzekoak|Pulse and bean stews]] ===
=== [[#Cocidos_de_verduras_y_hortalizas|Vegetable stews]] ===
=== [[#Cocidos_de_patata|Potato stews]] ===
=== [[#Ensaladas|Salads]] ===
=== [[#Arroz|Rice]] ===
=== [[#Pastas|Pasta]] ===
=== [[#Carnes|Meat]] ===
==== [[#Carnes_de_ganado_porcino_Txarrikia|Pork]] ====
==== [[#Carnes_de_ganado_ovino_Ardikia|Mutton and lamb]] ====
==== [[#Carnes_de_ganado_bovino_Arakia|Beef and veal]] ====
=== [[#Aves_Egaztiak|Poultry]] ===
=== [[#Platos_de_caza|Game dishes]] ===
=== [[#Fritos|Fried dishes]] ===
=== [[#Pescados1|Fish]] ===
=== [[#Postres|Desserts]] ===
=== [[#Condimentos|Condiments]] ===
==== [[#Condimentos_vegetales|Vegetable seasonings]] ====
==== [[#Aceites|Oil]] ====
==== [[#Condimentos_de_origen_animal|Animal-based seasonings]] ====
==== [[#Otros_condimentos|Other condiments]] ====
 
== XI. [[BEBIDAS/en|BEVERAGES]] ==
=== [[#El_agua|Water]] ===
=== [[#La_limonada|Lemonade]] ===
=== [[#El_vino_Ardoa|Wine]] ===
==== [[#Consumo|Consumption]] ====
==== [[#Area_de_produccion_y_clases_de_uva|Production area and types of grape]] ====
==== [[#Elaboracion_del_vino|Wine making]] ====
**The winery. Treading grapes in the winepress
**Decanting the wine
==== [[#Clases_de_vino|Types of wine]] ====
=== [[#Txakolina_El_chacoli|Txakoli wine]] ===
==== [[#Elaboracion_del_txakoli|Making Txakoli]] ====
=== [[#Sagardoa_La_sidra|Cider]] ===
==== [[#Recogida_de_la_manzana|Harvesting the apples]] ====
==== [[#El_lagar_Dolara|The press]] ====
==== [[#Elaboracion_de_la_sidra|Cider making]] ====
==== [[#Consumo_y_embotellado|Drinking and bottling]] ====
==== [[#Pitarra|''Pitarra'' (apple must)]] ====
=== [[#La_cerveza|Beer]] ===
=== [[#Licores_Aguardiente_pacharan_y_otros|Spirits: Eau-de-vie, Pacharán (liqueur made from fermented sloes) and others]] ===
=== [[#Otras_bebidas1|Other beverages]] ===
=== [[#El_cafe|Coffee]] ===
=== [[#Las_infusiones|Herbal teas]] ===
 
== XII. [[TABACO/en|TOBACCO]] ==
=== [[#Iniciacion_en_el_habito_de_fumar/en|Starting smoking]] ===
=== [[#Sucedaneos_del_tabaco|Tobacco substitutes]] ===
=== [[#Cultivo_y_elaboracion_domesticos_del_tabaco|Growing and producing tobacco at home]] ===
=== [[#Formas_de_presentacion_del_tabaco|Tobacco forms of presentation]] ===
=== [[#Ventajas_atribuidas_al_tabaco|Benefits attributed to tobacco]] ===
=== [[#Pipas_y_boquillas|Pipes and cigarette holders]] ===
=== [[#Petacas_y_pitilleras|Pouches and cases]] ===
=== [[#Encendedores|Lighters]] ===
 
== XIII. [[ALIMENTOS_Y_COMIDAS_RITUALES/en|RITUAL MEALS AND FOOD]] ==
=== [[#Comidas_ligadas_a_festividades_y_tiempos_del_calendario|Meals connected with festivities and times of the year]] ===
==== [[#El_ciclo_de_la_Navidad|The Christmas cycle]] ====
**Food gifts: Snacks and treats
***Christmas Eve dinner according to current surveys
==== [[#Postres_navideños_lntxaursaltza_compota_sopa_cana_turrones_y_mazapanes_almendras_garrapiñadas|Christmas desserts: ''Intxaursaltza'' (Nut Sauce), compote, cinnamon soup, nougat and marzipan, sugared almonds]] ====
==== [[#Natividad_Eguberri_Nochevieja_Gabonzar_Año_Nuevo_Urteberri_Dia_de_Reyes_Erregena|Christmas Day, New Year's Eve, New Year's Day, Epiphany ]] ====
=== [[#Comidas_del_tiempo_de_Carnaval|Meals at Carnival time]] ===
==== [[#Candelaria_Tostadas|Candlemas. Cinnamon French Toast]] ====
==== [[#San_Blas_Bendicion_de_alimentos|San Blas. Blessing of food]] ====
==== [[#Postulaciones_y_comidas_colectivas|Postulations and communal meals]] ====
**St. Agatha's Eve
**Fat Thursday
==== [[#Carnavales_Ihauteriak|Carnival]] ====
==== [[#Platos_tradicionales_de_Carnaval|Traditional Carnival dishes]] ====
=== [[#Ayunos_y_abstinencias|Fasting and abstinence]] ===
==== [[#Legislacion_ canonica|Canon law]] ====
==== [[#La_alimentacion_en_los_dias_de_ayuno_y_abstinencia|Food on fasting and abstinence days]] ====
=== [[#Pascua_de_Resurreccion_Pazko_Eguna|Easter Sunday]] ===
==== [[#Ritos_con_el_pan_y_el_agua|Rites with bread and water]] ====
==== [[#La_torta_pascual_Paskopilla_morrokoa_ranzopil|Easter cake]] ====
=== [[#Banquetes_domesticos_y_comidas_colectivas_en_las_fiestas_patronales|Household celebratory meals and communal meals to mark the patron saints' festivities]] ===
=== [[#Agapes_en_ermitas_y_santuarios|Celebrations at chapels and shrines]] ===
==== [[#Refaccion_a_la_conclusion_de_la_misa|Light refreshments at the end of mass]] ====
==== [[#Comidas_de_romeria|Pilgrimage meals]] ====
==== [[#Bendicion_de_alimentos_en_ermitas|Blessing food at shrines]] ====
==== [[#Banquetes_de_Cofradias_y_Hermandades|Brotherhood celebratory meals]] ====
=== [[#Comidas_al_finalizar_trabajos_colectivos|Meals at the end of collective work]] ===
==== [[#Txarriboda_Matanza_del_cerdo|Pig slaughtering]] ====
==== [[#Bizkar_festa_Remate_del_tejado_de_una_casa|Finishing the roofing of a house]] ====
==== [[#Comidas_de_auzolan_Trabajos_comunitarios|''Auzolan'' (neighbourhood labour) meals Community work]] ====
==== [[#Comidas_a_la_conclusion_de_trabajos_de_colaboracion|Meals at the end of collaborative work]] ====
=== [[#Banquetes_en_los_ritos_de_pasaje|Meals to celebrate the rites of passage]] ===
==== [[#Parto_y_nacimiento|Delivery and birth]] ====
==== [[#Bautizo|Baptism]] ====
==== [[#Fiestas_de_cumpleaños_Urtebetetzeak|Birthday parties]] ====
==== [[#Primeras_comuniones|First Holy Communions]] ====
==== [[#Bodas_Ezteguak|Weddings]] ====
==== [[#Agapes_funerarios|Funeral wakes]] ====
 
== XIV. [[TRANSFORMACIONES_OPERADAS_DURANTE_EL_PRESENTE_SIGLO_EN_EL_REGIMEN_ALIMENTARIO_DOMESTICO/en|TRANSFORMATIONS UNDERGONE DURING THE PRESENT CENTURY IN THE FAMILY’S FOOD REGIME]] ==
=== [[#De_la_monotonia_a_la_diversidad|From monotony to diversity]] ===
==== [[#Perdida_de_la_autarquia|End of autarky]] ====
==== [[#Elaboraciones_domesticas|Home-made products]] ====
==== [[#Modificaciones_en_la_dieta_cotidiana|Changes in daily diet]] ====
==== [[#Actitudes_ante_a_la_alimentacion|Attitudes towards food]] ====
==== [[#Transformaciones_del_contexto_social|Changes in social context]] ====
==== [[#Nuevos_equipamientos|New equipment]] ====
==== [[#Transiciones_mas_recientes|More recent transitions]] ====