127 728
ediciones
Cambios
sin resumen de edición
<languages></languages>
== Definition of the house concept and names ==
In the past, the aim was for the main entrance and/or the most important openings of the homesteads and isolated houses to be, as far as possible, south- or east-facing to enjoy the sun for most of the day. This also meant that they were protected from the prevailing winds and rain that come from the north and north-west areas of our territory. The stable occupied the northern part of the dwelling. In the Basque language, the term used to indicate the preferred orientation has generally been found to be ''eguzkira begira'' (looking at the sun), which is indiscriminately used to mean south and east facing.
=== East facing, eguzki-begian ===
In Sara (L), the situation and structure of the rural house area are in keeping with its traditional functions. Its main façade is east facing. The prevailing winds are from the west; the trees exposed to the winds incline sharply to the east and the rear or west-facing façades have only a few and small windows. The Labourd houses in general have their back to the Atlantic rain and the main façade therefore faces east or south-east, thus also benefitting from the first rays of sunlight<ref>Alain, LASSE. “L’architecture labourdine” in ''Etxea ou la mai- son maison basque''. San Juan de Luz: 1980, p. 94.</ref>.
=== South facing ===
Party walls were commonly used to separate houses and swelling in concentrated settlements, and the charter towns are the prime examples. Thus, the houses were adjoining, creating small communal interior courtyards, and forming small neighbourhoods, streets and districts.
=== Houses separated by belenas, arteak, mokarteak a yard ===
Information on Aurizberri and Burguete, the towns in NavarraNavarre, has been used as the example for this section. There, the towns houses are grouped together, but not adjacent, and there is a small space between them that is not less than half a metre and which is known as ''erteaartea'' in Basque and ''belena ''or ''corral ''(run or yard) in Spanish.
== Land adjoined to the house ==
There are different names for the land adjoined to the house and it was used for different purposes, including as a vegetable garden.
=== El rain, larraina Threshing floor ===
In Álava, the threshing floor, the vegetable garden and ''la el rain ''or ''larraina'', and the vegetable garden can be found next to the house. The threshing floor was where the grain was threshed in the past. In some communities, the threshing floor was also used to store firewood and for farming tasks such as stacking beetroot to feed the livestock (Agurain, Berganzo-A).
The vegetable garden is the plot where at least leafy and root vegetables are grown; which is home to some precious fruit trees, flowers and plants, and where clothes are dried on the clothesline. The house's house’s well is also usually in the vegetable garden.
=== Baratza, market Market or vegetable garden ===
In Bizkaia, Gipuzkoa, Navarra Navarre and the Northern Basque Country (lying within France), some houses have a small vegetable garden to the side or behind, known as ''baratzea, ''or ''ortua'' in the dialect of Bizkaia. If the market garden is irrigated, it was usually used to grow leafy and root vegetables, ''ortuariak'' and fruit, which were usually for consumption by the household and meticulously cultivated, and are or were looked after by the woman of the house, ''etxehoandrea. ''Some fruit trees are also grown here.{{DISPLAYTITLE: III. NAME, ORIENTATION AND LOCATION OF THE HOUSES}} {{#bookTitle:House and Family in Vasconiathe Basque Country |Casa_y_familia_en_vasconia/en}}