127 728
ediciones
Cambios
m
Texto reemplazado: «<sup>th</sup> century» por «th century»
<div style="margin-left:0cm;"></div>
__TOC__Up until the early 20<sup>th</sup> 20th century, some regions of the Basque Country were very self-sufficient and the people used the material obtained from their livelihood to make their garments and footwear. The shepherds cured the skins of their livestock to make warm clothing or shoes for their feet; they also used wool from their sheep to weave certain garments.
It should first be noted the difference in the way of dressing of the shepherds of the wet regions of the Basque Country (Gorbea, Aizkorri, Entzia, Aralar, Urbasa) from those who worked in the Toloño mountains (A), in the Sierra de Codés range (A-N) or in the Salazar and Roncal valleys (N), whose livestock are brought down in the transhumance to the Ebro and whose traditional garments are more similar to the shepherds of the Alto Aragón or the Béarn. In the same way as has happened in other aspects of life, the changes to the shepherd’s apparel during recent decades has been due to the introduction of new materials to make clothes and footwear and to the mass production processes.
Shepherds dressed in a very similar way to the farmer, but they had to use special warm or protective garments as they spent so much time out in bad weather. These included the ''gilets'' and ''aprons'' made out of sheep or goat skin; the ''kapusai'' or ''txartesa''<ref>''Manuel de LARRAMENDI in his ''Corografía de Guipúzcoa ''written at the end of the 18th century pointed out that “men and women on the farmsteads still have ''capisayos ''and ''charteses ''with hoods, short and wide sleeves, which they use on the mountains when it is raining and when they collect spiny broom and clear thorns and briers, along with other tasks. But those ''capisayos '' are no longer worn by the normal villagers and have been popular with women”. Vide ''Corografía o descripción general de la Muy Noble y Muy Leal Provincia de Guipuzcoa. ''Barcelona: 1882, p. 180.''</ref>'', a cape made out of woollen fabric; the ''hongarina ''that was a type of coat made out of coarse cloth with a hood; the ''tapabocas'' or field blanket; trousers sheathed in ''mantarrak'', ''peales'' or ''piales''; the sandals made out of cowskin whose laces were crisscrossed by the calves and tied under the knees.
The shepherd’s apparel also included the sheepskin bag and the hazel crook.