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De Atlas Etnográfico de Vasconia
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I. EARLY CHILDHOOD GAMES AND SONGS

The first games

Peek-A-Boo

Touching and teasing

    • Con la nariz y la boca
    • Con la oreja
    • Cosquillas. Kili-kili
    • Pellizcos
    • La estatura

To eat and dress

To make the child feel better

To take their first steps

Group games

    • Hau berex, hau berex
    • A vuelan, vuelan
    • Purran, purran, ardatza
    • Al burrico san vicente

Finger/toe games

Names of the little fingers/toes

Cinco lobitos

Este compró un huevito

Honek arrautza ekarri

Aitia, pitia

Hau ta hau ezkondu

Atxea motxia

Pin, pin, zarramacatín

Tin, tin, palos de cotín

Al Chinchi riminchi

Mete el dedo

Dos palomitas

Hand games

Date, date, con la manita

Eraiozu eskutxuari

Katarra mixon

Gatito michinito

Esta manita se le anda al pobre

Pon, pon, pon

Ainsi font font font

Palma sobre palma

Clapping games

Tortas tortitas. Chalo chalito

Txalopin txalo

Txalo, txalopin

Mi papá me prometió

Mañana domingo, pipirripingo

Rocking games

Din-dan, nor hil da?

Dingilin-dangulun

Bilin-bolon

Din-dan, baleran

Xingulu-mangulu

Dinbili-danba

Tilin-talán. Dilín-dolón

A la silla de la reina

Aserrín, aserrán

Te tengo de hacer

Cua-cua, cantaba la rana

Trotting games

Arre borriquito

Arre, arre mandako

Kaderan, kaderan

Txilin txili mañe

Txomin txiki pastorea

Antontxu

Bat, bi, hiru, lau

Arreburrichicos

Decorative cadences

Lullabies

Lullabies in Basque

Praising the child

Getting the child to sleep

To ward off fear

Recriminating the absent father

Humorous

Doting

Evoking sleep

Referring to the animal world

Lullabies in Spanish

To get the child to sleep

Different lullabies

Songs to entertain

Amaren besta baita

Jaun Kaputxin

Hiru xito izan

Bi xinaurri

Txantxulario kamino

Kontxo, kontxo

Goienkaleko Tomasa

Tolana-polana

Kilibi-kalaba

Mimic songs to have fun

Los pollitos

Pimpón es un muñeco

Era un gato grande

A,a,a, mi gatito malo está

Los animales que van por el agua

A aquel marinero cojo

Todos mis patitos

A mi burro, a mi burro

II. NATURE AS A PLAYGROUND

Relationship with animals

Ladybird

Catching crickets

Other insects

    • Tábanos, abejorros, ciervos volantes, etc
    • Cachorros
    • Jorge
    • Moscas
    • Hormigas
    • Abejas
    • Mantis religiosa
    • Saltamontes
    • Escarabajo. Kakalardoa
    • Luciérnagas. Ipurtargiak
    • Mariposas y gusanos de seda

Spiders

Slugs and snails

Fishing

Frogs, toads and tadpoles

Lizards, slowworms and snakes

Looking for nests

Songs for some birds

    • La cigüeña
    • El gavilán
    • El azor
    • El cuervo
    • La marica
    • La grulla
    • El gallo

Bats

Pets

    • Perros y gatos
    • Ordeñar cabras

Plant-related activities

Gathering activity

Making decorations

Toys using plants

Plants used for play fighting

Fortune telling using flowers and fruits

Other activities

Knowledge about forbidden plants

Other outdoor activities

III. CHILDHOOD FORMS OF ADDRESS, RULES AND FORMULAS

Swaps

Findings

Children's oaths

Ending and regaining friendship

Accepting rules

Childhood formulas

Preventing physical harm

IV. SELECTION PROCEDURES PRIOR TO PLAYING

Procedures requiring an object

Heads or tails

Guessing in which hand an object is hidden

Drawing the shortest straw

Other selection methods

Procedures that do not use an object

A pares or nones (Odds and Evens)

==== A hacer pies [walking and distance way of selecting ====]

Drawing lots procedures using chants

Drawing lots chants in Basque

Txirristi, mirristi

Aitxa, motxa

Don, don, beledon

Arriola mariola

Dona, dona, katona

Don, don, kikilimon

Baga, biga, higa

Other chants in Basque

Drawing lots chants in Spanish

En un rosal / había una rosa

Una, dole, / tele, catole

Una mosca puñetera

Cucu, vico, ñaña, vico

Pito, pito, gorgorito

Dona, dona, la coqueta

Manzana asada / una, dos, tres y pasada

Quien se ha chufau

Plin plon / vacas vienen de Aragón

Un don din palillo va

Al esconderite berite ton

Entre dos matas / había dos conejos

Carlos V fue a la guerra

Un gato se cayó a un pozo

En un plato de lentejas / comen todos a la vez

Una mona era tonta / ¿verdad que sí?

Chants that end with the children being named

Chants to play <<Cops and Robbers>>

Chants where the chosen children actively take part

Short chants

Chants that are also used in other games

Other drawing lots chants

Drawing lots chants in French

Mixed drawing lots chants

Other selection procedures

V. RACES

Racing strictly speaking

Games that includes racing

Al soliveo

Al tiente o Al diente

Atzenka

Bale-baleka

A pedo. A temas. Kuriketan

Harrapaketak. La tusa

A guardias y ladrones. A lapur y mikelete

A la cadeneta. Katean

Al marro. Marroka

A las estatuas. A stop

A ailove. A Cuba libre

A alturitas. Kitoka

A las cuatro esquinitas. Kantoi-kantoika. Txokoketan

A cortar el hilo. Korta banaka

Al toro del auxilio

A cruzar la frontera. A la pasa

Goitik ala behetik?

A la galleta

Al gato y al ratón. Sagua ta katua

A la araña

A tapar las calles

A lobos

Al pañuelo. Pañolitotan

Al pañuelito por detrás. Zapi zuria atzetik

A correr a cenar

Molinillo. Txokolate bolinero

A declaro la guerra

A color color

A la quiquiricaina

A buenos días señor rey

A los pañuelitos coloráus

A torito sí

Al poco churro. Al azote y la correa

A las vacas

VI. HIDING GAMES

Games where only one child finds the others

Gordeketan. Al escondite o Al esconderite

Kiriketan

Gazteluka

A pi

Kluketan

Pico pico

Alalubí

Gaztaina

Kui-kuika

Buleketan

Un, dos, tres, carabí carabá. Bat, bi, hiru, eguzki

Al bote, bote. Pote-poteko

A la liebre. Ahuntz-ahuntzaka

Games where there are more than one seekers

Tres navíos en el mar

Escondite alrededor de la casa

Harrapaketan

Txilintxarro

La maya

Altos-altoska

Games where one child hides their head between the knees of someone

A San Juan de Matuté

A escondites a esconder

A la aceitera

Kalabuxin-kalabuxin

VII. JUMPING GAMES


LEAPFROG GAMES

Games with individual frogs

A la una salta la mula. Astoka

Jumping on the frog from a line

Al dólar con rayo

Other games with a single frog

Over a series of frogs

Team leapfrog games

A chorro-morro

    • Names for the game
    • When played and distribution of the team
    • First stage of the game: The leap
    • Second stage of the game: Asking the question
      • Pointing fingers
      • Making shapes with fingers
      • Using hands
      • Pointing to part of the arm
    • Games is where only one child is the frog
    • Versions of the A chorro-morro game

Games similar to the A chorro-morro

Other leapfrog games

SKIPPING GAMES

Individual skipping games

Group skipping games

A lo alto. Para arriba (Up the Valley. Jumping Up)

    • A pares. A lo fuerte. A lo fuerte con estirón (Fast skipping game like Jenny Jenny, I like Coffee....)
    • A un. A dos
    • Al motrollón
    • Dialogues and performances
    • Skipping until you stop
    • Other songs to play A lo alto

A lo bajo. Para abajo (Down the Valley. Jumping Down)

    • Slow skipping (walking)
    • A olas
    • A la culebrita
    • Biraka

FRENCH SKIPPING

HOPSCOTCH

Games where the stone is not tossed

Courts in cross shape with double arms

Rectangular courts

Games where the stone is moved

Courts in cross shape with double arms

Rectangular courts

Other hopscotch games

DIFFERENT JUMPING GAMES

Different jumping games

Long jump

High jump

Other jumping games

VIII. SWINGING GAMES

Swings

Seesaws

Ox wagon pole

Other swinging games

IX. THROWING GAMES

Stone throwing

Distance stone is thrown

Height stone is thrown

Throwing stones into water

Marksmanship

Stone throwing battles

Other stone throwing games

Clay games: tapulero

Pole throwing

Zeanuri version

Carranza, Bernedo, Laguardia, Pipaón, Salvatierra, Pamplona and Abadiano versions

Apodaca, Elosua and Amézaga de Zuya versions

Gamboa, Galdames and Muskiz versions

Aoiz and San Martín de Unx versions

San Martín de Améscoa, Ondarroa, Obanos, Bernedo, Lanestosa, Durango, Apellániz and Quintana versions

Narvaja and Mendiola versions

Beasain, Zerain, Elgoibar, Allo, Garde, Bilbao and Portugalete versions

Versi Sangüesa, Apellániz, Ezkio and Tafalla versions

Mendibe version

Ribera Alta versions

Games with oak galls, seeds and marbles

Oak galls

Seeds

Marbles

    • Games of throwing marbles into a hole
    • Into a triangle
    • Hitting game. A taco y palmo (Ringer)
    • Marble races

Coin throwing

Throwing coins into the air

Throwing coins into a hole

Throwing coins into a geometric shape

Throwing coins against a wall

Throwing coins to a line

Knocking coins from a perch

Flipping coins on the floor games

Throwing lids of match boxes, stickers and cards

Throwing metal tops, rubber stoppers or stones

Games with bottle tops

Bottle top races

Other games with tops

Ball throwing

A Cato ball game

A Campo Quemao (dodge ball)

Games similar to baseball

Churra tag ball

Individual ball games

Carbide pot throwing

X. GAMES OF SKILL

Knucklebones

The aspects of the game

Names of the jacks and the knucklebone game

The sides of the jacks

Four positions

Planting the jacks

Other versions of the game

The tabasen Arizkun game

Games with large jacks

Games with stones

Bostarrika

La pitamora

Games with stickers

Aspects of the game

Different games with stickers

    • Flipping them
    • Against the wall
    • Cardboard and txapalankas
    • Pouches
    • Throwing them
    • A die
    • Matching
    • Other versions of the games

Games with pins and toothpicks

A montar alfileres. Orrazka

Al polvete

Agujas al montón

A esconder alfileres

Al monto

A los palillos

Spinning top. Trompaka

Versions

    • Spinning the top in a circle
    • Hurling the top on coins or tops

Peonza spinning top

The hinque stick

Standing hinque stick game

Hinque stick game in a circle

Playing hinque stick game with a penknife

Games of skills with different joys

Hoops

Juggling diabolo

Yo-yo

Roller-skating

Back and forth ball game

Bowls

Hula-hoop

Balancing stick

XI. HAND AND FINGER GAMES

Cat's cradle Kumak

Cradle

Mesh

Candles

Cradle

Mesh

Envelope

Cobweb or frog

Newts

Candles

Up the mountain. Cross

Star or mirror

Chinese puzzle

Glossary of figures

Stone passing games

Hand games

Game of the Goose

Santa Teresita

Clapping games

Hand warming

Txan txibirin

Telegram

Wall shadows

Hacer la campana

Clapping games. Txaloka

En la calle 24 clapping song

Mimicking

Joking

Other clapping songs

XII. RHYTHMIC GAMES

Singing games

Al corro de las patatas

Tengo una muñeca

Arroz con leche, me quiero casar

Al corro chirimbolo

Que llueva, que llueva

Dónde vas Alfonso XII

El patio de mi casa

Viva la media naranja

Hacer corro caballeros

Doña Concha. Uh, uh, uh. La mariposa

Que vivan las señoritas

La pastora

Jardinera

Tiene la tarara

A esa niña que está en medio

Qué hermoso pelo tienes

Don Melitón

San Serenín del monte

Cu-cú, cantaba la rana

Una valencianita. Una mariposita

Miruflita. Dónde va la mi cojita

Juana Josepa tronpeta. Txilin-txilinka. Urruru

A las campanas de San Miguel. A las tinajicas de miel

La hornera

Milano milano

Otsotan

Mariquita barre, barre

Que te pi, que te pa. A pisar

Al pavo, pavito, pavo. Nor da dantzari?

Eran tres alpinos

Bat, bide, hiru, lau

A la ronde du muguet

A la tresse jolie tresse

Zin zin la soupe à l'oseille

El anillo

En Tolosa hay un convento

En Cádiz hay una niña

Face-off games in rows

Ambo-ato, matarile-rile-rile

¿Dónde están las llaves?, matarile-rile-rile

Pase misí, pase misá. Zubiri, zubiri. A la víbora

Al alimón, al alimón

Zurixe gorrixe kikirriki

Teresa la marquesa

Soy capitán de un barco inglés

Singing in the round games

Mambrú se fue a la guerra

El Conde Laurel. Yo soy la viudita

La cantinerita

Estaba la pájara pinta

La señora Juana. A la Marisola

Quisiera ser tan alta como la luna

Estaba el señor don gato

¿Qué haces ahí mozo viejo?

Mi abuela tiene un peral

A la hoja, hoja

A cerner

XIII. MIMICKING, ROLE-PLAY AND IMITATION GAMES

Imitation games

Mummies and Daddies

Shopping

Tea parties

Farm work

Doctors and nurses

Transport

Cowboys

Shepherdess

Copy me

Television presenter

Mimicking and staging games

Antón Pirulero

Colours. Heaven or hell.

Slowly Slowly

Statues

Teachers

Religious ceremonies

Warfare

Guessing something from gestures

Skits

Acting romances

XIV. LANGUAGE GAMES

Group verbal skills games

Miscreants

Word chains

Names

Tall tales

Telephone

Individual verbal skills games: tongue twisters

Cryptic languages

Dialogues, recitals and banter

Linked dialogues in Basque: Kukurruku

    • Northern Basque Country (lying within France) versions
    • Navarra versions
    • Gipuzkoa and Bizkaia versions

Rhymed dialogues in Spanish: Quiquiriqui

Other linked dialogues in Basque

Other linked dialogues in Spanish

Totorika

Number songs

Humorous accounts

Never-ending stories

Jokes and banter

XV. GUESSING GAMES. RIDDLES

General guessing games

I spy

Bizi dira, bizi dira...

Batun, batun. Etxeketan

Portraits

Characters

Quién te ha picado

Garments

Milano, milano

Aceitero-vinagrero

De codín, de codán

Names. Hangman

Dead and injured

Hidden number

Games with pins and other objects

Ixkilimak edo punttakoak

A punta o cape. A punta o clavo. A punta cazo

A los cabezotes

Al pun y al dos

Izkilin-jokua harripean

Sorgin-marra

Al almendruño. Al endruño

Zonbat ukabilian?

Xandelak artian, pipitek artian

Zaldunka

Al florón. Al polvorón

A la llave

Kanika txiki

Aizekunde

Sorgin-jokoa

Harri-gordetzea

Alpargataka. A la alpargata

A frío-caliente. Hotz-beroka

Al cintazo

Palomita blanca. Huts ala beteka

A cara y cruz

A la porra. A los chinos

A los caparrones. Al par o no

Blindfold games

Blind man's buff

Itsu-kapeluka

Itsu-mandoka. Itsu-astoka

Ordutan

Piel de conejo

Riddles

Riddles in Basque

Riddles in Spanish

XVI. DIFFERENT GAMES. CHILDREN'S COLLECTIBLE ITEMS

Noughts and Crosses

Table games

The lottery

Card games

    • Games to form pairs
    • Discarding games according to the suit or numbering. Old Maid
    • El burro
    • War
    • Broom
    • Wind murder card games
    • Other card games
    • Games to form families

Fighting games

Sliding games

Games with sand, water and in the sea

Making soap and other bubbles

Different games

    • A la cerillita
    • A vamos
    • A pedos calientes
    • A no pisar la raya
    • Al padrejón
    • Al palo

Different games

Rise in collecting

Stickers

Other collections

XVII. TOYS. CHILDREN'S CRAFTS

Toy developments: decline in their craft production

Toys preferred by girls

Dolls

Tea parties. Shopping

Instruments to make music and noise

Whistles

Other wind instruments

Percussion instruments

Weapons

Toys used to throw objects

    • Catapults
    • Bows and arrows
    • Peg gun
    • Blowpipes and paper thrower
    • Slings

Imitation adult weapons

Explosives

Bladders

Imitation vehicles as toys

Miniatures

Goitiberak

Skates and sledges

Making balls

Other toys

    • Cameras
    • Making skulls
    • Building dens
    • Origami
    • Tanks
    • Telephone
    • Puppets
    • Kites
    • Kaleidoscope
    • Intxaur-metroa
    • Pinball
    • Pinwheels
    • Birdcages

XVIII. ORGANISED GAMES AT POPULAR FESTIVITIES

Most common games

Musical chairs

Sack races

Pot breaking

Games where the mouth is used instead of hands

Using your mouth to pick up coins from a container filled with water

Using your mouth to pick up coins from a container filled with flour

Using your mouth to pick up coins from the back of a frying pan

Eating hanging apples

Dunking for apples in a bucket of water

Picking up biscuits

Filling bottles with water

Egg and spoon races

Games in pairs

Egg and spoon races in pairs

Dancing with an egg on your forehead

Potato dance

Broom dance

Wheelbarrow racing

Sopa Boba

Races in pairs

Races

Bicycle races

Horse and donkey races

Balancing races

Balloon races

Collecting corn husks

Traditional races

Soka-tira competitions

Large wooden pole

Catching and releasing animals

Other entertainment