Several generations under one roof. Zeanuri (B), c. 1910. Source: Labayru Fundazioa Photograhic Archive: Felipe Manterola Collection.
House and Family in the Basque Country

House and Family in the Basque Country

Etxe beteak atsegin, etxe hutsak bihotz min. When poverty comes in the door, love leaves through the window.
Family Diet in the Basque Country

Family Diet in the Basque Country

Odolosteak ordeaz. Neighbours and relatives are given black puddings and other pork cuts as a gift at pig slaughter time. It is an act of courtesy, an expression of the close bond shared with them, and part of an established exchange ritual.
Pig bleeding. Source: José Zufiaurre, Etniker Euskalerria Groups.
Group of children. Zeanuri (B), 1920. Source: Labayru Fundazioa Photograhic Archive: Felipe Manterola Collection.
Children’s Games in the Basque Country

Children’s Games in the Basque Country

Children in the traditional society, both in towns and in countryside, only really had the toys that they made themselves. Games were more common than toys, and the latter were just a basis for the former.
Traditional Medicine in the Basque Country

Traditional Medicine in the Basque Country

Ona da ardaoa, kentzeko burutik beherakoa. Treat a cold with a hot toddy.
Feast of St William, blessing of water and wine. Obanos (N). Source: M.ª Amor Beguiristain, Etniker Euskalerria Groups.
Baptism celebration. Zerain (G), 1970. Source: Karmele Goñi, Etniker Euskalerria Groups.
Rites from Birth to Marriage in the Basque Country

Rites from Birth to Marriage in the Basque Country

Haurraren jaiotza, etxerako poza. A house without children is a flowerpot without flowers.
Funeral Rites in the Basque Country

Funeral Rites in the Basque Country

Dying on a rainy day or if it rained after the death showed that the soul would be saved: gorputz ona, euritsu.
On the way to the cemetery, c. 1950. Izurdiaga (N). Source: Carmen Jusué, Etniker Euskalerria Groups.
Blessing of the flock before departure. Source: Antxon Aguirre, Etniker Euskalerria Groups.
Livestock Farming and Shepherding in the Basque Country

Livestock Farming and Shepherding in the Basque Country

Artaldearentzat artzain guti hobe ainitz baino. Too many cooks spoil the broth.
Agriculture in the Basque Country

Agriculture in the Basque Country

Both animal and human power had a decisive impact on the way of working and on the crops until the introduction of modern machinery.
Haulage of wheat sheaves. Álava, c. 1940. Source: Municipal Archive of Vitoria-Gasteiz: Enrique Guinea Collection.