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El siguiente conjunto de capítulos se dedica The following set of chapters begins with a los aperos y herramientas necesarios para desempeñar la actividad agrícola y la mano de obrareview of the different implements and tools needed to farm and the workforce. Se trata sobre la importancia de la fuerza It considers the importance of animal en tiempos pasadospower in the past, con un capítulo dedicado al transporte with a chapter on animaltransport. El último apartado aborda la mecanización de la agriculturaThe last section addresses the mechanisation of agriculture.
Un capítulo más se dedica al aprovechamiento de la producción propia y el comercio agrícola y otro al régimen de propiedad de la tierraA further chapter describes the use of production for the holdings’ own needs and agricultural trade. El volumen concluye con las creencias y ritos vinculados en tiempos pasados There is also a la agriculturachapter on the form of ownership of the land. The volume ends with the beliefs and rites linked to farming in the past.
Tanto este tomo como los anteriores cuentan con un capítulo introductorio que explica el proyecto y metodología de la obraAs is the case of the previous volume, así como apartados sobre el medio this book has an introduction on the project and methodology used, along with sections on the human and natural y humano, los datos geográficos de las localidades encuestadasenvironment, la bibliografíageographical data on the places surveyed, e índices temáticothe bibliography, analíticoanalytical and thematic indexes, de ilustracioneslist of illustrations, y de los créditos fotográficos y de los dibujosand the drawings and photographic credits.{{DISPLAYTITLE: ResumenSummary}} {{#bookTitle:Agricultura en Vasconia Agriculture in the Basque Country| Agricultura_en_vasconia/en}}
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''Agriculture in the Basque Country ''is the outcome of the ethnographical research conducted by the Etniker Euskalerria Groups led by Ander Manterola. This volume is the eighth contribution to the ''Ethnographic Atlas ''designed and launched by José Miguel de Barandiaran. Previous publications include ''Food at Home ''(1990), ''Children’s Games ''(1993), ''Funeral Rites ''(1995), ''Rites: From Birth to Ma rriage Marriage ''(1998), ''Livestock and Grazing ''(2000), ''Popular Medicine ''(2004) and ''Home and Family ''(2011).
The Ethnographic Atlas studies the different aspects of people of the Basque Country from the viewpoint of traditional culture as recorded throughout the 20th and 21st century, and likewise gauges the changes that have occurred. Fieldwork was conducted in the Basque Country, in Wes- tern Western Europe, which occupies an area stretching from the River Adour to the north to the River Ebro to the south. The territory comes under two political authorities in Spain (the Basque and Navarra Autonomous Communities) and part is in the French Department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques. The surface area of the territory totals 20,531 km2 km<sup>2</sup> and its population stands at 3,199,042 inhabitants (2016 census).
The fieldwork was conducted in 56 different towns and villages in Álava (14), Bizkaia (13), Gipuzkoa (7), Navarra (16) and that part of the Basque Country in France (6). The regional diversity of the target territory was taken into account when selected the surveyed locations. The ethnographic questionnaire used appears in the ''Guide for an Ethnographic Survey'', published by Barandiaran in 1974 and covers the data gathered in response to Questions 1 to 24 of Section 5 on agriculture. The work was collated and drafted by the Ethnography Department at Labayru Fundazioa. The content is based on the data gathered during fieldwork on agriculture, which goes hand in hand with earlier volumes on livestock farming and shepherding, and on the homestead and family, as the three provide an overall view of the livestock-farming way of life.
There is a chapter on grass and its use. The changes that occurred due to the introduction of the new machinery are also recorded. Fruit trees, their planting and care, grafting, pruning, harvesting and the use of the fruit are also studied. A separate chapter is dedicated to olives and vines given their importance in the southern area of the Basque Country. Both chapters study their cultivation and the production of oil and wine on the Mediterranean-facing side of ''txakoli ''white wine and cider on the Atlantic-facing side. Flax and hemp as crops linked to the self-sufficiency of the farmsteads in the past are analysed in their own chapter.
