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Even though shepherd is anyone who watches over any type of livestock, this name is used par excellence for the person who cares for, tends and guards the sheep. In Lezaun (N), a distinction was made between shepherd, who looked after the flock of sheep, and herdsman, who tended the other animals. There were two forms of shepherd in Basque: ''artzain'' looking after sheep and ''unai'' cattle<ref>Even though ''artzain ''comes from ''ardi''=sheep and ''zaindu''=guard, the etymology of ''unai ''is not as clear. Michelena said that it was tempting to see it coming from ''ule''=hair, wool, but that was not sustainable. See Luis MICHELENA. ''Fonética Histórica Vasca. ''San Sebastián: 1977, 2ª ed., p. 479.</ref>. When surveying Arraioz (Baztan-N), we came across ''uneia'' to describe the person in charge of looking after cattle. In the Souletin dialect spoken in Etxebarre, ''bordazain, ''which was used for the person in charge of the shepherd’s hut, has a similar meaning in popular speech to ''artzain'', shepherd, but their tasks are different, as the ''artzain ''works in the uplands and used to oversee a small transhumance. In any case, ''shepherd ''is the person who lives with the livestock and uses it for his own gain.

{{DISPLAYTITLE: XV. TYPES OF SHEPHERDS }} {{#bookTitle:Livestock Farming and Shepherding in the Basque Country | Ganaderia_y_pastoreo_en_vasconia/en}}