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Wild animals, in contrast to the domesticated ones, are called ''piztiak'' in Basque, even though this term is also sometimes used expressively for stabled animals. Conversely, the word ''basabere'' can also allude to animals in the wild. In some areas of Bizkaia, domesticated animals in general are called ''patariak.'' This group of animals is called ''kabale<ref>''Manuel AGUD; Antonio TOVAR. “Materiales para un diccionario etimológico de la lengua vasca (VI)”…, XXVII-2 (1993) p. 647.''</ref> (which may come from the Béarnese ''cabale ''and, therefore, from the Latin ''capitale'') in the northern Basque Country (lying within France). As has previously been the case, this form can be used in expressions that indicate the lot of an owner.
== Names of the animals according to species, age and sex ==<ref>We then report on the terms, gathered in our field surveys, used throughout the Basque Country, to refer to the different types of livestock according to the criterion of age and sex. It is not a detailed list of the different uses that can be seen in all the documents on the subject, but rather we will only mention the forms contributed by the people surveyed that answered the question explicitly raised in the ethnographic survey, or the expressions collected from the ethnographic materials considered to be the basis for this atlas. The aim has been to group the names according to the lexically related families, or when the information on the word is not sufficiently important, by age groups. The final section also provides all the information on a group of animals where only fragmented data has been gathered.</ref>
The organisation of the names of the animals in each species has been divided into two main groups, young and adults. In principle, the names follow within the first group an ascending order of the age of the animals, and the terms first appear in Basque and then in Spanish in both. However, the differences are sometimes not clear and there are terms in both languages mixed due to their similarity and names of adults and young also in a single section.
