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De Atlas Etnográfico de Vasconia
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Mutual cooperation. Zeanuri (B), c. 1915. Source: Labayru Fundazioa Photograhic Archive: Felipe Manterola Collection.
House and Family in the Basque Country

House and Family in the Basque Country

The rural farmstead was an institution made up of the building, its land, its dwellings and by tradition, in other words, by that web of relations that closely links the current generation with past ones.
Family Diet in the Basque Country

Family Diet in the Basque Country

Odolosteak ordeaz. Neighbours and relatives are given black puddings and other pork cuts as a gift at pig slaughter time. It is an act of courtesy, an expression of the close bond shared with them, and part of an established exchange ritual.
Pig bleeding. Source: José Zufiaurre, Etniker Euskalerria Groups.
Playing knucklebones. Zeanuri (B), 1993. Source: Ander Manterola, Etniker Euskalerria Groups.
Children’s Games in the Basque Country

Children’s Games in the Basque Country

Before glass, and even clay, marbles were introduced, they used parts of plants, including oak acorns and seed pits.
Traditional Medicine in the Basque Country

Traditional Medicine in the Basque Country

The widespread belief was that Christmas Eve’s bread, ogi salutadorea, would not go mouldy and would prevent rabies in dogs and other domestic animals.
Christmas bread. Source: Akaitze Kamiruaga, Etniker Euskalerria Groups.
Etxebarri (B), 1968. Source: Edurne Romarate, Etniker Euskalerria Groups.
Rites from Birth to Marriage in the Basque Country

Rites from Birth to Marriage in the Basque Country

Maritxu-teilatuko, gona gorriduna, eutsi hagin zaharra ta ekarzu barria. Popular recitation
Funeral Rites in the Basque Country

Funeral Rites in the Basque Country

Oilarrak gauez kukurruku jotzen badu, laster izango da gorpuren bat etxe hartan. A cockerel crowing at sunset, death is looming.
Funerary stelae. Irulegi (NB). Source: Michel Duvert, Etniker Euskalerria Groups.
Grazing in Eneabe. Zeanuri (B), 1996. Source: Labayru Fundazioa Photograhic Archive: José Ignacio García Muñoz.
Livestock Farming and Shepherding in the Basque Country

Livestock Farming and Shepherding in the Basque Country

Two millennia ago Pliny distinguished Vasconum saltus, humid and wooded, from Vasconum ager, with its grain fields and vineyards. That distinction still remains today, with regard to livestock farming.
Agriculture in the Basque Country

Agriculture in the Basque Country

San Jurgi, artoak ereiteko goizegi; San Markos, artoak ereinda balegoz. St George’s Day is too early to sow maize and St Mark’s Day is too late.
Maize field. Carranza (B), 2016. Source: Luis Manuel Peña, Etniker Euskalerria Groups.