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== I. [[PRESAGIOS DE MUERTE. HERIOTZAREN ZANTZUAK/en|OMENS OF DEATH]] ==
=== [[#Presagios_relacionados_con_animales|Animal-related omens]] ===
==== [[#Aullido_del_perro._Txakurraren_oihua_zakurraren_uhuria|Dog howling]] ====
==== [[#Comportamiento_del_ganado_y_de_los_gatos|Behaviour of livestock and cats]] ====
==== [[#Canto_o_presencia_de_aves_nocturnas._Le_cri_de_la_chouette|Singing Screeching or presence of night birds. ''Le cri de la chouette'']] ====
==== [[#Presencia_de_cuervos_y_otras_aves._Belak_pikak_karraskari|Presence of crows and other birds]] ====
==== [[#Presencia_de_insectos._Euli_baltzak|Presence of insects]] ====
=== [[#Presagios_relacionados_con_hechos_y_acontecimientos|Omens related with facts and events]] ===
==== [[#El_sonido_de_las_campanas._Kanpaiotsak|Bells ringingtolling]] ====
==== [[#Pagar_medir_o_pesar_lo_justo|Paying, measuring or weighing just enough]] ====
==== [[#Ruidos_y_otras_coincidencias|Noises and other coincidences]] ====
== II. [[AGONIA_Y_MUERTE._AGONIA_ETA_HERIOTZA/en|DEATH THROES AND DEATH]] ==
=== [[#La_agonia._Hiltamua|Death throes]] ===
==== [[#Denominaciones32|Names]] ====
==== [[#Signos_fisicos_de_agonia|Physical signs of death throes]] ====
==== [[#El_toque_de_agonia._Agonia-kanpaia_agoniako_zeinua|Death tollsknells]] ====
==== [[#Asistencia_al_agonizante|Caring for the person in their dying moments ]] ====
==== [[#Rezos_durante_la_agonia._Agoniako_otoitzak|Prayers during the death throes]] ====
==== [[#Otras_practicas_religiosas._Agoniako_kandela|Other religious practices]] ====
==== [[#Causas_de_la_prolongacion_de_la_agonia|Causes for the death throes dragging on]] ====
**Feuds and grievances
==== [[#Remedios_contra_la_prolongacion_de_la_agonia|Remedies to stop the death throes dragging on]] ====
**''Meza enkomendadua''Mass for the dying**Offering lights Light offering and fasts
**Facilitating the exiting of the soul
=== [[#La_muerte._Heriotza|The deathDeath]] ===
==== [[#Denominaciones33|Names]] ====
==== [[#Causas_fisicas_de_la_muerte|Physical causes of death]] ====
==== [[#Causas_prodigiosas_de_la_muerte|Extraordinary causes of death]] ====
 
== III. [[VIATICO_Y_EXTREMAUNCION._AZKEN_SAKRAMENDUAK/en|VIATICUM AND EXTREME UNCTIONANOINTING]] ==
=== [[#Ritos_cristianos_del_pasaje_de_la_muerte|Christian rites of the passage from life to death]] ===
=== [[#Denominaciones34|Names]] ===
=== [[#La_recepcion_de_los_Ultimos_Sacramentos._Eleizakoak|Receiving the Last SacramentsRites]] ===
==== [[#Avisos_al_cura_y_al_medico|Notifying the priest and doctor]] ====
==== [[#Acondicionamiento_de_la_habitacion_del_enfermo|Preparing the room of the sick person]] ====
**Home altar
**Decorating the house
==== [[#El_Viatico._Gure_Jauna|Viaticum]] ====
**Viaticum in the Northern Basque Country (lying within France)**Viaticum in NavarraNavarre
**Viaticum in Gipuzkoa
**Viaticum in Bizkaia
**Viaticum in AlavaÁlava
==== [[#La_Extremauncion._Oleadura|Extreme UnctionAnointing]] ====
=== [[#Apendice_1_Derniers_Sacrements_Azken_Sakramendia_a_Mendive_(BN)|Appendix 1: Derniers Sacrements a Last Rites in Mendive (BN)]] ===
=== [[#Apendice_2_La_administracion_del_Viatico_y_de_la_Extremauncion_segun_el_antiguo_Ritual_Romano|Appendix 2: Administration of Viaticum and Extreme Unction Anointing according to the old Roman Ritual]] ===
 
== IV. [[CREENCIAS_SOBRE_EL_DESTINO_DEL_ALMA/en|BELIEFS ABOUT THE SOUL'S SOUL’S DESTINY]] ==
=== [[#Separacion_del_alma_y_el_cuerpo|Separation of the soul and body]] ===
=== [[#Señales_de_salvacion_o_condenacion|Signs of salvation or damnation]] ===
==== [[#El_semblante_del_cadaver|The countenance Countenance of the corpse]] ====
==== [[#Signos_de_la_naturaleza|Signs of nature]] ====
==== [[#Dificultades_para_sacar_el_ataud_de_la_casa|Problems when removing the coffin from the house]] ====
==== [[#Los_cuerpos_incorruptos|Incorrupt bodies]] ====
=== [[#Signos_de_duelo_de_la_casa_mortuoria|Signs of mourning of the bereaved household]] ===
==== [[#Ocultacion_de_los_espejos|Concealing the Covering mirrors]] ====
==== [[#Ocultacion_de_otros_enseres|Concealing other belongings]] ====
==== [[#Cubrimiento_de_las_paredes|Covering the walls]] ====
==== [[#Cierre_de_ventanas|Closing windows]] ====
==== [[#Signos_de_duelo_en_el_exterior_de_la_casa|Signs of mourning outside the house]] ====
=== [[#Intervencion_de_los_vecinos_durante_el_duelo|Role of the neighbours during the mourning period]] ===
==== [[#La_vecindad_y_los_vecinos_en_relacion_con_la_casa_mortuoria|The neighbourhood and neighbours with regard to the bereaved household]] ====
**Organisation of the neighbourhood hierarchy
**The first or nearest neighbour
**Reconciliation and friendship between neighbours
==== [[#Ayudas_prestadas_por_los_vecinos|Help provided by the neighbours]] ====
**Household chores and tasks
=== [[#La_cruz_parroquial_en_la_casa_mortuoria|The parish cross in the bereaved household]] ===
=== [[#Apendice_Role_des_voisins_durant_le_rite_funeraire_a_Osses/Ortzaize_(BN)|Appendix: Rôle des voisins durant le rite funéraire à Role of neighbours during funeral rites in Ossès/Ortzaize (BN)]] ===
 
== VI. [[COMUNICACION_DE_LA_MUERTE/en|COMMUNICATING NOTIFYING THE DEATH]] ==
=== [[#Avisos._Hil-mezuak|Notifications]] ===
==== [[#Destinatarios_de_la_notificacion|Recipients of the notification]] ====
==== [[#Avisadores_del_fallecimiento|Death announcers]] ====
**Relatives and neighboursThe first settlers**First neighbours**Youths **Female announcers**Messengers and ''auroros'' choirs
==== [[#Transiciones_contemporaneas_Avisos|Contemporary transitions]] ====
=== [[#Los_toques_de_campana._Hil-kanpaiak_hil-zeinuak|Bell -ringing]] ===
==== [[#Denominaciones35|Names]] ====
==== [[#Momento_del_toque_a_muerto|Time of the death knell]] ====
==== [[#Persona_encargada_de_tocar_las_campanas|Person in charge of ringing the bells]] ====
==== [[#El_lenguaje_de_los_tañidos|The language Language of the tolling of the bells]] ====
**Religious status and sex differences
=== [[#Los_recordatorios|Memorials]] ===
=== [[#Anuncio_de_la_muerte_a_los_animales_domesticos|Telling domesticated animals of the death]] ===
==== [[#Aviso_a_las_abejas._Erletxuak_erletxuak|Telling the bees]] ====
**Producing more wax
**Requesting wax and avoiding the death of the bees
**The death Death of the owner**The new New owner
**Signs of mourning
=== [[#Fallecimiento_y_el_acto_de_cerrar_los_ojos|Death and act of closing the eyelids]] ===
=== [[#Lavado_y_amortajamiento|ashing Washing and shrouding]] ===
==== [[#Modos_de_lavar_el_cadaver._Gorpu-garbitzea|Ways of washing the corpse]] ====
==== [[#Adecentamiento_del_cuerpo_muerto|Cleansing the corpse]] ====
==== [[#Disposicion_de_manos_y_pies|Arranging the hands and feet]] ====
==== [[#La_sal_sobre_el_cadaver|Salt on the corpse]] ====
==== [[#Simbolos_piadosos|Pious symbols]] ====
==== [[#Bulas_de_difuntos._Hilen_buldak|Death indulgences]] ====
==== [[#Objetos_profanos|Secular objects]] ====
 
== VIII. [[EL_VELATORIO._GAUBELA/en|THE WAKE. ''GAUBELA'']] ==
=== [[#El_velatorio|The wake]] ===
==== [[#Vigilia_diurna|Daytime vigil]] ====
==== [[#Rezo_del_rosario_al_anochecer|Reciting the Rosary rosary at dusk]] ====
==== [[#La_vigilia_nocturna._Hilbeilagaba|Night-time vigil]] ====
**Names
**The wake in the Northern Basque Country (lying within France)**The wake in the Southern Basque Country (lying within Spain)
**Looking after the lamp
**Meals during the wake
==== [[#Vigencia_del_velatorio|Validity of the wake]] ====
=== [[#La_estancia_mortuoria|The room with the deceased]] ===
=== [[#Disposicion_del_cadaver|Laying out the corpse]] ===
==== [[#El_cadaver_en_el_lecho_mortuorio|The corpse on the death bed]] ====
==== [[#El_cadaver_en_la_estancia_principal|The corpse in the main room]] ====
==== [[#En_la_camara_mortuoria._Hil-ohea|In the death chamber]] ====
=== [[#El_ataud._Hilkutxa|The coffin. Hilkutxa]] ===
==== [[#Denominaciones36|Names]] ====
 
== IX. [[CAMINOS_MORTUORIOS._HILBIDEAK/en|CORPSE WAYS. HILBIDEAK]] ==
=== [[#Denominaciones37|Names]] ===
=== [[#Los_caminos_mortuorios_en_localidades_de_poblacion_dispersa|Corpse ways in localities with a scattered population]] ===
==== [[#Vasconia_peninsular._Andabideak|Southern Basque Country]] ====
=== [[#Los_caminos_mortuorios_en_villas_con_poblacion_rural|Corpse ways in charter towns with a rural population]] ===
=== [[#Los_caminos_mortuorios_en_localidades_de_poblacion_concentrada|Corpse ways in localities with a concentrated population]] ===
=== [[#Los_caminos_de_la_cruz_parroquial_y_del_Viatico|The paths of the parish cross and the Viaticum]] ===
=== [[#Arreglo_de_los_caminos_mortuorios|Upkeep of the corpse ways]] ===
=== [[#Significacion_juridica_de_los_caminos_mortuorios|Legal significance of the corpse ways]] ===
 
== X. [[LA_CONDUCCION_DEL_CADAVER_A_LA_IGLESIA/en|TAKING THE CORPSE TO THE CHURCH]] ==
=== [[#Los_anderos._Hil-ohezaleak|The bearers]] ===
==== [[#Denominaciones38|Names]] ====
==== [[#Anderos_vecinos|Neighbours as bearers]] ====
**Southern Basque Country
==== [[#Anderos_mozos_en_Alava|Youth bearers in Álava]] ====
==== [[#Anderos_vecinos_y_familiares|Relatives and neighbours as bearers]] ====
==== [[#Anderos_familiares_y_amigos|Friends and relatives as bearers]] ====
==== [[#Denominaciones39|Names]] ====
==== [[#Encabezamiento_de_la_comitiva._Kurutzeketaria|Head of the procession]] ====
==== [[#El_cortejo_funebre_en_Alava|The funeral cortege in AlavaÁlava]] ====
==== [[#El_cortejo_funebre_en_Bizkaia|The funeral cortege in Bizkaia]] ====
==== [[#El_cortejo_funebre_en_Gipuzkoa|The funeral cortege in Gipuzkoa]] ====
==== [[#El_cortejo_funebre_en_Navarra|The funeral cortege in NavarraNavarre]] ====
==== [[#El_cortejo_funebre_en_Vasconia_continental|The funeral cortege in the Northern Basque Country]] ====
=== [[#Cofradias_y_Asociaciones_en_el_cortejo|Brotherhoods and Associations in the cortege]] ===
=== [[#Rezos_y_cantos_durante_la_conduccion_del_cadaver|Prayers and songs during the bearing of the corpse]] ===
=== [[#Paradas_del_cortejo_funebre._Itxoinaldiak|Stops of the funeral cortege]] ===
=== [[#El_cortejo_funebre_hoy|The funeral cortege today]] ===
=== [[#Entierro_de_niño|A child's burial]] ===
==== [[#Denominaciones40|Names]] ====
==== [[#Vasconia_continental4|Northern Basque Country]] ====
==== [[#Vasconia_peninsular1|Southern Basque Country]] ====
==== [[#Los_padrinos_en_el_entierro_de_niño|The godparents at a child's burial]] ====
=== [[#Entierro_de_joven|A youth's burial]] ===
=== [[#Las_plañideras._Erostariak|The mourners]] ===
==== [[#Documentacion_historica|Historical documentation]] ====
==== [[#Fuentes_etnograficas|Ethnographic sources]] ====
==== [[#Lloros_y_lamentos|Crying and wailing]] ====
== XIII. [[PORTADORES_DE_OFRENDAS_EN_EL_CORTEJO/en|OFFERING BEARERS IN THE CORTEGE]] ==
=== [[#La_portadora_de_la_ofrenda._Denominaciones|The offering bearer of the offering. Names]] ===
==== [[#La_ofrendera_de_pan._Aurrogia|The bread offering-bearer]] ====
==== [[#La_ofrendera_de_luces._Ezkoanderea|The light offering-bearer]] ====
=== [[#Antiguas_ofrendas_de_animales_en_el_cortejo|Cortege animal offerings in the past]] ===
=== [[#Ramos_y_coronas_de_flores_en_el_cortejo_funebre|Floral wreaths and flowers in the funeral cortege]] ===
==== [[#Las_flores_a_principios_de_siglo|Flowers at the start of the century]] ====
==== [[#Flores_y_coronas_artificiales|Artificial wreaths and flowers]] ====
 
<div style="margin-left:0cm;"></div> == XIV. [[EXEQUIAS._HILETAK/en|OBSEQUIES. HILETAK]] ==
=== [[#El_cadaver_durante_las_exequias|The corpse during the obsequies]] ===
==== [[#El_feretro_en_el_portico|The coffin in the gateway]] ====
==== [[#Inhumacion_previa_al_funeral|Burial prior to the funeral service]] ====
==== [[#El_funeral_de_cuerpo_presente|The funeral with the body present]] ====
=== [[#Disposicion_del_duelo_familiar_en_la_iglesia|Arrangement of the family mourners in the church]] ===
==== [[#El_duelo_masculino._Luto-bankua|Male mourners]] ====
==== [[#El_duelo_femenino._Jarlekua|Family mourners]] ====
=== [[#Novenario._Bederatziurrena|Novena]] ===
==== [[#Denominaciones42|Names]] ====
==== [[#El_novenario_en_los_años_veinte|The novena in the Twentiestwenties]] ====
==== [[#Perduracion_y_transformacion_del_novenario|Persistence and transformation of the novena]] ====
==== [[#El_novenario_en_el_Pais_Vasco_continental|The novena in the Northern Basque Country]] ====
=== [[#Funcion_mensual_de_almas_y_Ogerrena|Month's Mind]] ===
=== [[#Misa_de_aniversario._Urteburuko_meza|Anniversary Massmass]] ===
==== [[#Denominaciones43|Names]] ====
==== [[#Pais_Vasco_continental1|Northern Basque Country]] ====
=== [[#Ofrendas_de_misas._Meza-sariak|Mass offerings]] ===
==== [[#Denominaciones44|Names]] ====
 
== XVI. [[LAS_SEPULTURAS_EN_LAS_IGLESIAS._JARLEKUAK._FUESAS/en|GRAVES BURIAL SITES IN CHURCHES. PITSJARLEKUAK. FUESAS]] ==
=== [[#Denominaciones45|Names]] ===
=== [[#Vigencia_de_las_sepulturas_simbolicas|Validity of the symbolic gravesburial sites]] ===
==== [[#Sepultura_domestica|Household graveburial site]] ====
==== [[#Sepultura_colectiva|Collective graveburial site]] ====
==== [[#Supresion_de_las_sepulturas|Abolition of the gravesburial sites]] ====
=== [[#Ajuar_de_la_sepultura|Burial goods]] ===
==== [[#Paño_o_mantel._Zamaua|Cloth or tablecloth]] ====
==== [[#Soportes_de_las_luces|Light holders]] ====
**Woodcutter
**''Grave''. Pit
**''Argizaiola''
**Candlestick
==== [[#Ezkoa._Cerilla|MatchBeeswax]] ====
==== [[#Adornos_de_las_velas|Candle decorations]] ====
==== [[#Elaboracion_artesanal_de_velas_y_cerillas|Making candles and matches strips of candles by hand]] ====
==== [[#Cesto_de_ofrendas._Ezkozarea|Hamper of offerings]] ====
==== [[#Reclinatorio._Kadira|Kneeler]] ====
==== [[#Custodia_de_los_enseres|Custody of the belongings]] ====
=== [[#Activacion_de_la_sepultura._Ezkoen_piztea|Activation of the graveburial site]] ===
==== [[#Primacia_de_la_dueña_de_la_casa|Primacy of the lady of the house]] ====
==== [[#Funciones_de_la_serora_el_dia_de_las_exequias|Duties of the sister on the day of the obsequies]] ====
=== [[#Toma_de_posesion_de_la_sepultura._Sepultura_hartzea|Taking possession of the graveburial site]] ===
=== [[#Duracion_del_duelo_en_la_sepultura._Ogi-hastea_eta_ogi-uztea|Length of the mourning at the graveburial site]] ===
 
== XVII. [[OFRENDAS_Y_SUFRAGIOS_EN_LA_SEPULTURA._ARGIAK_OLATAK_HILOTOITZAK/en|OFFERINGS AND SUFFRAGES AT THE GRAVE. ARGIAK, OLATAK, HILOTOITZAK]] ==
=== [[#Ofrenda_de_luces._Argi_egitea/en|Light offering]] ===
**Gipuzkoa
**NavarraNavarre**AlavaÁlava
**Bizkaia
**Northern Basque Country
**Gipuzkoa
**NavarraNavarre**AlavaÁlava
**Bizkaia
**Northern Basque Country
=== [[#Ofrenda_de_panes._Ofrenda-ogia|Bread offering]] ===
==== [[#Extension_y_vigencia_de_la_ofrenda_de_pan|Extent and validity of the bread offering]] ====
==== [[#Denominaciones46|Names]] ====
==== [[#Oferentes_y_recipendiarios|Offerings Offerers and recipients]] ====
==== [[#Rito_de_ofrenda_en_las_exequias|Offering ritual at the obsequies ]] ====
==== [[#Ofrenda_de_pan_en_el_novenario|Bread offering at the novena]] ====
==== [[#Ofrendas_durante_el_año_de_luto|Offerings during the year of mourning]] ====
==== [[#Ofrendas_en_la_misa_de_aniversario|Offerings at the anniversary mass]] ====
=== [[#Antiguas_ofrendas_de_animales|Animal offerings in the past]] ===
==== [[#Fuentes_historicas|Historical sources]] ====
==== [[#Fuentes_etnograficas1|Ethnographic sources]] ====
==== [[#Presencia_del_duelo_tras_el_sepelio|Bereavement after the burial]] ====
==== [[#Cortejo_hasta_el_limes|Cortege to the ''limes'']] ====
==== [[#Cortejo_directo_al_cementerio|Direct cortege to the cemetery]] ====
==== [[#Comitiva_numerosa|Large procession]] ====
==== [[#El_sepelio_hoy|The burial today]] ====
=== [[#Ritos_en_el_cementerio|Rituals in the cemetery]] ===
==== [[#Rescate_de_simbolos_religiosos|Retrieval of religious symbols]] ====
==== [[#Arrojar_un_puñado_de_tierra|Throwing a handful of earth]] ====
=== [[#La_inhumacion._Lurra_ematea|The Intermentinterment]] ===
=== [[#Orientacion_de_la_tumba|Orientation of the tomb]] ===
== XIX. [[REGRESO_A_LA_CASA_MORTUORIA_Y_AGAPES_FUNERARIOS/en|RETURNING TO THE HOUSE OF THE DECEASED AND FUNERAL FEAST]] ==
=== [[#Regreso_del_cortejo_a_la_casa_mortuoria|Return of the cortege to the house of the deceased]] ===
==== [[#Vasconia_continental5|Northern Basque Country]] ====
==== [[#Vasconia_peninsular2|Southern Basque Country]] ====
=== [[#Agapes_y_refrigerios_a_los_asistentes|Feast and refreshments for the attendees]] ===
==== [[#La_«caridad»_en_Alava|The «goodwill» Goodwill in AlavaÁlava]] ====
==== [[#Karidadea_en_Gipuzkoa|''Karidadea'' in Gipuzkoa]] ====
=== [[#Obsequios_a_los_participantes_en_las_exequias|Gifts to the participants in the obsequies]] ===
==== [[#A_los_sacerdotes|To the priests]] ====
==== [[#A_los_portadores_del_feretro|To the coffin bearers]] ====
**Preparing the room and the meal
==== [[#Comensales|Diners]] ====
**Relatives
**Neighbours
**''Mezakoak''
**Other guests
**Top table
**Prayers
==== [[#Composicion_de_la_comida|Composition of the meal]] ====
==== [[#La_comida_de_entierro_en_diversas_localidades|The burial meal at different places]] ====
**Beskoitze (L)
 
== XX. [[EL_LUTO._DOLUA/en|THE MOURNING. DOLUA]] ==
=== [[#Denominaciones49|Names]] ===
==== [[#Teñido_casero_de_prendas_para_el_luto|Home dying of garments for the mourning]] ====
=== [[#Marcas_de_duelo_en_el_exterior_de_la_casa|Signs of mourning on the outside of the house]] ===
==== [[#Colgaduras|Drapery]] ====
==== [[#Ocultacion_de_los_escudos|Concealing the coats-of-arms]] ====
=== [[#Extension_del_duelo_a_los_animales_domesticos|Extending the mourning to the domesticated animals]] ===
=== [[#Otras_manifestaciones_de_luto|Other displays of mourning]] ===
=== [[#Conmemoraciones_de_difuntos_a_lo_largo_del_año|Commemoration of the dead during the year]] ===
=== [[#Cuidado_de_las_tumbas|Caring for the graves]] ===
 
==== [[#Cofradia_de_San_Miguel_de_Alzusta_en_Zeanuri|Brotherhood of San Miguel de Alzusta in Zeanuri]] ====
==== [[#Cofradia_de_San_Adrian_de_Argiñeta_en_Elorrio|Brotherhood of San Adrián de Argiñeta in Elorrio]] ====
=== [[#Cofradia_de_la_Trinidad_de_Sanguesa_(Navarra)|Brotherhood of the Sangüesa Trinity (NavarraNavarre)]] ===
=== [[#Cofradia_de_los_Sacerdotes_de_Aramayona_(Alava)|Brotherhood of the Aramayona Priests (AlavaÁlava)]] ===
=== [[#Hermandades_y_Asociaciones_mutuas_de_caracter_funerario|Brotherhoods and Funeral Mutual Associations]] ===
==== [[#Estatutos_de_la_Hermandad_de_la_Santa_Vera_Cruz_del_lugar_de_Villanueva_de_Valdegovia|Charter of the Brotherhood of the Holy True Cross of the village of Villanueva de Valdegovía]] ====
==== [[#Libro_de_la_Cofradia_del_Sto._Rosario_de_este_pueblo_de_S._Roman|Book of the Brotherhood of the Holy Rosary of this town of S. San Román]] ====
==== [[#Regla_y_Estatutos_de_la_Cofradia_de_Animas._Llodio|Rules and Charter of the Brotherhood of Spirits. Llodio]] ====
==== [[#Statuts_ou_Reglements_des_Confreres_de_la_Confrerie_de_Saint-Blaise_du_quartier_d_Amots_en_la_Paroisse_de_St-Pe_du_14_fevrier_1779|Statuts ou Règlements des Confrères de la Confrérie de Saint-Blaise du quartier d'Amots, en la Paroisse de St-Pé, du 14 fevrier 1779]] ====
==== [[#Reglamento_reformado_de_la_Cofradia_de_la_Natividad_de_Nuestra_Señora_de_los_Reverendos_Sacerdotes_del_Valle_de_Aramayona_Provincia_de_Alava_Diocesis_de_Vitoria|Reformed Rules of the Brotherhood of the Nativity of Our Lady of the Reverend Priests of Aramayona Valley, Province of AlavaÁlava, Diocese of Vitoria]] ====
==== [[#Hermandad_de_Difuntos_«Bakartasuna»_(La_Soledad)._Zeanuri|«Bakartasuna» Bakartasuna Brotherhood of the Dead (Solitude). Zeanuri]] ====
==== [[#Reglamento_de_la_Hermandad_de_la_VeraCruz_fundada_el_año_de_1882_en_Alonsotegui|Rules of the Brotherhood of the True Cross, founded in Alonsótegui in 1882]] ====
=== [[#El_cementerio._Hilerria|The cemetery]] ===
==== [[#Denominaciones50|Names]] ====
==== [[#Ubicacion_del_cementerio|Location of the cemetery]] ====
**Cemeteries in the outskirts
==== [[#Distribucion_del_espacio_del_cementerio|Distribution of the cemetery area]] ====
==== [[#Derecho_de_inhumacion_en_la_sepultura|Right of internment in the grave]] ====
**The crypt
==== [[#Cabecera_de_la_tumba|Headstone]] ====
**Crosses
 
== XXIV. [[APARECIDOS_Y_ANIMAS_ERRANTES._ARIMA_HERRATUAK/en|GHOSTS APPARITIONS AND WANDERING SPIRITS. ARIMA HERRATUAK]] ==
=== [[#Creencias_sobre_aparecidos|Beliefs about ghostsapparitions]] ===
=== [[#Modos_de_aparicion_de_las_animas|Types of spirit apparitions]] ===
==== [[#Sonidos_y_ruidos_extraños._Herotsegileak|Sounds and strong noises]] ====
==== [[#Luces_y_resplandores._Argi-egileak|Lights and glows]] ====
==== [[#Sombras._Gerixetiak|Shadows]] ====
==== [[#Olores._Arimen_usaina|Smells]] ====
==== [[#Forma_corporea|Bodily form]] ====
==== [[#Otras_formas_de_aparicion|Other types of apparition]] ====
=== [[#Tiempos_de_aparicion|Apparition times]] ===
=== [[#Escenarios_de_aparicion|Apparition scenarios]] ===
==== [[#La_casa_y_el_fuego_del_hogar|The house and outside the home]] ====
==== [[#Caminos_y_encrucijadas|Paths and crossroads]] ====
==== [[#Normas_y_formulas_dialogadas._Zer_arrangura_duk?|Dialogues and rules]] ====
==== [[#Cautelas_y_acreditaciones._Atzamarren_erreunea|Precautions and accreditations]] ====
==== [[#Modos_de_ahuyentar|Ways of driving them away]] ====
==== [[#Peticiones_de_las_animas|Petitions to the spirits]] ====
**Masses
=== [[#Presentimientos_y_temores_a_apariciones|Premonitions and fear of apparitions]] ===
==== [[#Prohibicion_de_dar_vueltas_al_cementerio|Ban on going round and round the cemetery]] ====
==== [[#Miedo_a_lugares_de_enterramiento|Fear of burial places]] ====
=== [[#Practicas_asociadas_a_las_creencias_en_las_animas|Practices associated with beliefs in spirits]] ===
=== [[#Narraciones_de_aparecidos_tradicionalizadas|Traditionalised ghost stories]] ===
==== [[#El_cura-cazador_errante._Abade-txakurrak|The travelling ghost hungerhunter-priest]] ====
==== [[#El_cura_a_falta_de_una_misa._Gauerdiko_meza|The priest one mass away]] ====
==== [[#Sirvienta_por_deudora._Zorrak_pagatu_arte_neskato|Debtor servant girl]] ====
=== [[#Apendice_Relatos_de_aparecidos|Appendix: Ghost stories]] ===
==== [[#Herotsegilea._Anima_tonante|Thundering spirit]] ====
==== [[#Argi-egilea._Anima_luminosa|Shining spirit]] ====
==== [[#Atzamarren_erreunea._Huella_de_fuego|Fire footprint]] ====
==== [[#Txarri-elia._La_piara_de_cerdos|The swine herd]] ====
==== [[#Zazpi_estatuz_ez_ondoratu._Alejarse_siete_estadios|Moving away in seven stages]] ====
==== [[#Mallabiko_abadea._El_cura-cazador_errante|The travelling ghost hungerhunter-priest]] ====
==== [[#Gauerdiko_meza._El_cura_a_falta_de_una_misa|The priest one mass away]] ====
==== [[#Zorrak_pagatu_arte_neskato._Sirvienta_por_deudora|Debtor servant girl]] ====
==== [[#Arima_herratua_(ame_errante)_qui_ecrit_sur_un_papier_un_qui_ecrit_sur_un_papier_nu|''Arima herratua'' (âme errante) qui écrit sur un papier nu]] ====
==== [[#Arima_korotik_gora_joan._Aparicion_en_iglesia|Apparition in church]] ====
 
== XXV. [[LES_RITES_FUNERAIRES_EN_PAYS_BASQUE_NORD_OU_IPARRALDE_(SINTHESE)LOS_RITOS_FUNERARIOS_EN_IPARRALDE/en|LES FUNERAL RITES FUNERAIRES EN PAYS IN THE NORTHERN BASQUE NORD OU IPARRALDE (SINTHESE)COUNTRY]] ==
{{#bookTitle:Funeral Rites in the Basque Country | Ritos_funerarios_en_vasconia/en}} {{DISPLAYTITLE: Table of contents}}