Historial
3 ene 2018
Página creada con «There is no doubt that there is growing social concern about food-related issues, such as the conditions in which it is produced, and even though those interested in this a...»
-14
Página creada con «Food self-sufficiency has decreased in rural areas to such an extent that the percentage of food bought from the agri-food industry is increasingly greater even in the home...»
-95
Página creada con «It should also be noted that in tandem to the decrease in the number of people working in agriculture, groups of producers of all type have flourished and have resulted in...»
-3
Página creada con «The authorities run campaigns to support certain crops by means of aid that ranges from technical advice to economic support in the form of subsidies. A variable number of...»
-15
Página creada con «Numerous “monographic” fairs are held for promotional purposes. They feature a certain local product for which the town or district is known. They do not only aim to sh...»
-97
Página creada con «And yet there is the paradox that as the weight of agriculture shrinks, there is increasingly greater interest in agricultural shows where local produce is showcased, to th...»
-89
Página creada con «The economic weight of agriculture in society overall is steadily declining. This in turn has resulted in a widening gap between the urban world and the food production and...»
-90
Página creada con «“Furthermore, it should be noted that the provisional values of the entitlements hereby notified are affected by convergence, in other words, a phased approach is calcula...»
-29
sin resumen de edición
-1340
Página creada con «“Furthermore, it should be noted that the provisional values of the entitlements hereby notified are affected by convergence, in other words, a phased approach is calcula...»
+1340
Página creada con «In turn, the degree of complexity being achieved by the different authorities is reflected in the extensive legislation being enacted and in the complicated jargon that the...»
-31
Página creada con «Farmers are required to keep up-to-date a “farm register” for all crops where they record all the work carried out on the farm, including preparing the land, sowing, tr...»
-98
Página creada con «For example, farmers are currently required to leave part of their holding to fallow land or to use protein crops that add nitrogen to the ground, such as legumes, for whic...»
-169
Página creada con «Many of the holdings, particularly those that have to pay rent to lease land, would run at a loss without the CAP grants and a previously unknown situation of dependency ha...»
-115
Página creada con «In the last decades of the 20th century and particularly following Spain’s entry into the European Economic Community as it was known at the time, farmers began to access...»
-118
Página creada con «Grants and subsidies contributing to farmers’ income is a relatively new situation that was totally unheard of in the past. Nowadays, farmers’ incomes do not only come...»
-74
Página creada con «=== The current situation ===»
+1
Página creada con «The rural landscape changed substantially over two or three decades. The rural society disappeared or changed that our ancestors – the generation born in the first half o...»
-53
Página creada con «Yet that revolution based not only on the mechanising of agricultural work, but also on land consolidation, the use of herbicides and chemical fertilizers, etc., was a mode...»
-103
Página creada con «Modern technology was initially very slow to be introduced in the countryside and it would not be until the mid-10th century when the region in question would embark on lar...»
-53
Página creada con «The continued existence of locally and home manufactured tools and implements made completely out of wood until well into the 20th century is another example of resistance...»
+12
Página creada con «New seed and new crops have in turn been introduced and resistance to certain changes has also been observed, meaning that some practices and customs have stood the test of...»
-98
Página creada con «Some changes need to be addressed with a certain degree of irony. In the past, neighbours would gather together to ritually pray to a local saint during hard times or disas...»
-98
Página creada con «The drop in the number of homesteads cultivating the land in a certain area of the territory led to a series of complications not previously seen. Seed exchange was hindere...»
-144
Página creada con «The changes to crops during the 20th century altered the landscape at every level, with even a colour loss on the Atlantic-facing side, where the traditional greenery was p...»
-79
Página creada con «In the past, the production strategy was based on diversity: crops, varieties of each crop, of animals raised, etc. There has now been a notable rise in specialisations, no...»
-54
Página creada con «Many homesteads in the rural districts are no longer involved in farming. The districts have undergone a progressive “urbanisation” process and the homesteads have ofte...»
-54
Página creada con «In the past, agricultural work needed a sizeable workforce, but that was not a problem as families were much larger than they are today. Some of the jobs required more peop...»
-56
Página creada con «In traditional society, all the members of the homestead were involved in this work as long as their age and health allowed. Nowadays, it is increasingly more common for on...»
-39
Página creada con «The changes to farming activity have led to notable transformation in our rural areas that have gone beyond mere production.»
-49
Página creada con «The specialisation process that occurred in the last decades of the 20th century meant that the importance of livestock farming on the Atlantic-facing side, particularly in...»
-39
Página creada con «=== Changes in farming activities ===»
-6
Página creada con «On the other hand, we are aware that we are collecting information that, when it is part of the traditional heritage, is disappearing as the last country folk with that kno...»
-46
Página creada con «The texts to be found in this volume, and the result of the information gathered by our field researchers from numerous informants throughout the Basque Country, allow a mo...»
-69
Página creada con «This know-how came from the deep-rooted link that was established with the land. In the case of an economy based on self-sufficiency, there was no other option than to resp...»
-72
Página creada con «That knowledge was not a rigid, but rather a permeable body of expertise, as the person who cultivated the land was always open to trying new seeds and even techniques, but...»
-113
Página creada con «It required in-depth knowledge of the natural environment in which it was carried out: of the relief and the soil characteristics of the land, of the climate, the seasons a...»
-98
Página creada con «That farming was family-run, involved all members of the homestead regardless of their age or sex and focused on self-sufficiency or at least as far as it could.»
-45
Página creada con «Given the age of the informants and that part of the information was gathered decades ago, we have focused on farming from the end of the 19th to the mid-20th century.»
-44
Página creada con «The agriculture described in this volume of the Basque Ethnographic Atlas is an overview of what mainly was to be found in the 20th century. However, as can be seen in the...»
-97
Página creada con «=== Traditional agriculture ===»
-3
Página creada con «Two thousand years ago, Pliny the Elder established a division between the ''Vasconum saltus ''and the ''Vasconum ager'', the former damp and wooded, and the second sown wi...»
+8
Página creada con «Farming takes us back to remote periods of our past and recalls what was already said regarding shepherding.»
-31
Página creada con «This volume goes hand in hand with a previous one on livestock and shepherding, given the intricate relationship between all those activities at the rural homestead in the...»
-24
Página creada con «The volume ends with the beliefs and rites linked to farming in the past, such as protecting the seedbeds, blessing the seeds and fields, spells against storms, rituals inv...»
-16
Página creada con «There is another chapter on the form of ownership of the land: owners who directly exploit their land or do so by means of tenants, rent prices, payment schedules and if th...»
-8
Página creada con «Another chapter covers the use of production for the holdings’ own needs and agricultural trade: buying seeds and plants, fertilizer and implements, holding markets and a...»
-2
Página creada con «There is a chapter on animal transport, particularly the ox cart given the key role it played, along with the yoke and all the accessories needed to harness the pair of cat...»
-33
Página creada con «The workforce is also analysed, along with the importance of all the members of the family being involved in the agricultural work, regardless of their age or sex and neigh...»
-23
Página creada con «The following set of chapters begins with an extensive review of the traditional agriculture chattel needed to perform that activity. The traits of self-sufficiency are aga...»
-140