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I. EARLY CHILDHOOD GAMES AND SONGS

The first games

• Peek-A-Boo

• Touching and teasing

• • Con la nariz y la boca
  • Con la oreja
  • Cosquillas. Kili-kili
  • Pellizcos
  • La estatura

• To eat and dress

• To make the child feel better

• To take their first steps

• Group games

• • Hau berex, hau berex
  • A vuelan, vuelan
  • Purran, purran, ardatza
  • Al burrico san vicente

Finger/toe games

• Names of the little fingers/toes

• Cinco lobitos

• Este compró un huevito

• Honek arrautza ekarri

• Aitia, pitia

• Hau ta hau ezkondu

• Atxea motxia

• Pin, pin, zarramacatín

• Tin, tin, palos de cotín

• Al Chinchi riminchi

• Mete el dedo

• Dos palomitas

Hand games

• Date, date, con la manita

• Eraiozu eskutxuari

• Katarra mixon

• Gatito michinito

• Esta manita se le anda al pobre

• Pon, pon, pon

• Ainsi font font font

• Palma sobre palma

Clapping games

• Tortas tortitas. Chalo chalito

• Txalopin txalo

• Txalo, txalopin

• Mi papá me prometió

• Mañana domingo, pipirripingo

Rocking games

• Din-dan, nor hil da?

• Dingilin-dangulun

• Bilin-bolon

• Din-dan, baleran

• Xingulu-mangulu

• Dinbili-danba

• Tilin-talán. Dilín-dolón

• A la silla de la reina

• Aserrín, aserrán

• Te tengo de hacer

• Cua-cua, cantaba la rana

Trotting games

• Arre borriquito

• Arre, arre mandako

• Kaderan, kaderan

• Txilin txili mañe

• Txomin txiki pastorea

• Antontxu

• Bat, bi, hiru, lau

• Arreburrichicos

• Decorative cadences

Lullabies

Lullabies in Basque

• Praising the child

• Getting the child to sleep

• To ward off fear

• Recriminating the absent father

• Humorous

• Doting

• Evoking sleep

• Referring to the animal world

Lullabies in Spanish

• To get the child to sleep

• Different lullabies

Songs to entertain

• Amaren besta baita

• Jaun Kaputxin

• Hiru xito izan

• Bi xinaurri

• Txantxulario kamino

• Kontxo, kontxo

• Goienkaleko Tomasa

• Tolana-polana

• Kilibi-kalaba

Mimic songs to have fun

• Los pollitos

• Pimpón es un muñeco

• Era un gato grande

• A,a,a, mi gatito malo está

• Los animales que van por el agua

• A aquel marinero cojo

• Todos mis patitos

• A mi burro, a mi burro

 

II. NATURE AS A PLAYGROUND

Relationship with animals

• Ladybird

• Catching crickets

• Other insects

• • Tábanos, abejorros, ciervos volantes, etc
  • Cachorros
  • Jorge
  • Moscas
  • Hormigas
  • Abejas
  • Mantis religiosa
  • Saltamontes
  • Escarabajo. Kakalardoa
  • Luciérnagas. Ipurtargiak
  • Mariposas y gusanos de seda

• Spiders

• Slugs and snails

• Fishing

• Frogs, toads and tadpoles

• Lizards, slowworms and snakes

• Looking for nests

• Songs for some birds

• • La cigüeña
  • El gavilán
  • El azor
  • El cuervo
  • La marica
  • La grulla
  • El gallo

• Bats

• Pets

• • Perros y gatos
  • Ordeñar cabras

Plant-related activities

• Gathering activity

• Making decorations

• Toys using plants

• Plants used for play fighting

• Fortune telling using flowers and fruits

• Other activities

• Knowledge about forbidden plants

Other outdoor activities

 

III. CHILDHOOD FORMS OF ADDRESS, RULES AND CHANTS

Exchanges

Findings

Children's oaths

Ending and regaining friendship

Accepting rules

Childhood chants

Preventing physical harm

 

IV. SELECTION PROCEDURES PRIOR TO PLAYING

Procedures requiring an object

• Heads or tails

• Guessing in which hand an object is hidden

• Drawing the shortest straw

• Other selection methods

Procedures that do not use an object

• A pares or nones (Odds and Evens)

• A hacer pies [walking and distance way of selecting]

Drawing lots procedures using chants

Drawing lots chants in Basque

• Txirristi, mirristi

• Aitxa, motxa

• Don, don, beledon

• Arriola mariola

• Dona, dona, katona

• Don, don, kikilimon

• Baga, biga, higa

• Other chants in Basque

Drawing lots chants in Spanish

• En un rosal / había una rosa

• Una, dole, / tele, catole

• Una mosca puñetera

• Cucu, vico, ñaña, vico

• Pito, pito, gorgorito

• Dona, dona, la coqueta

• Manzana asada / una, dos, tres y pasada

• Quien se ha chufau

• Plin plon / vacas vienen de Aragón

• Un don din palillo va

• Al esconderite berite ton

• Entre dos matas / había dos conejos

• Carlos V fue a la guerra

• Un gato se cayó a un pozo

• En un plato de lentejas / comen todos a la vez

• Una mona era tonta / ¿verdad que sí?

• Chants that end with the children being named

• Chants to play <<Cops and Robbers>>

• Chants where the chosen children actively take part

• Short chants

• Chants that are also used in other games

• Other drawing lots chants

Drawing lots chants in French

Mixed drawing lots chants

Other selection procedures

 

V. RACES

Racing strictly speaking

Games that includes races

• Al soliveo

• Al tiente o Al diente

• Atzenka

• Bale-baleka

• A pedo. A temas. Kuriketan

• Harrapaketak. La tusa

• A guardias y ladrones. A lapur y mikelete

• A la cadeneta. Katean

• Al marro. Marroka

• A las estatuas. A stop

• A ailove. A Cuba libre

• A alturitas. Kitoka

• A las cuatro esquinitas. Kantoi-kantoika. Txokoketan

• A cortar el hilo. Korta banaka

• Al toro del auxilio

• A cruzar la frontera. A la pasa

• Goitik ala behetik?

• A la galleta

• Al gato y al ratón. Sagua ta katua

• A la araña

• A tapar las calles

• A lobos

• Al pañuelo. Pañolitotan

• Al pañuelito por detrás. Zapi zuria atzetik

• A correr a cenar

• Molinillo. Txokolate bolinero

• A declaro la guerra

• A color color

• A la quiquiricaina

• A buenos días señor rey

• A los pañuelitos coloráus

• A torito sí

• Al poco churro. Al azote y la correa

• A las vacas

 

VI. HIDING GAMES

Games where only one child finds the others

• Gordeketan. Al escondite o Al esconderite

• Kiriketan

• Gazteluka

• A pi

• Kluketan

• Pico pico

• Alalubí

• Gaztaina

• Kui-kuika

• Buleketan

• Un, dos, tres, carabí carabá. Bat, bi, hiru, eguzki

• Al bote, bote. Pote-poteko

• A la liebre. Ahuntz-ahuntzaka

Games where there are more than one seekers

• Tres navíos en el mar

• Escondite alrededor de la casa

• Harrapaketan

• Txilintxarro

• La maya

• Altos-altoska

Games where one child hides their head between the knees of someone

• A San Juan de Matuté

• A escondites a esconder

• A la aceitera

• Kalabuxin-kalabuxin

 

VII. JUMPING GAMES

LEAPFROG GAMES

Games with individual frogs

• A la una salta la mula. Astoka

• Jumping on the frog from a line

• Al dólar con rayo

• Other games with a single frog

• Over a series of frogs

Team leapfrog games

• A chorro-morro

• • Names for the game
  • When played and distribution of the team
  • First stage of the game: The leap
  • Second stage of the game: Asking the question

• • • Pointing fingers
    • Making shapes with fingers
    • Using hands
    • Pointing to part of the arm

• • Games is where only one child is the frog
  • Versions of the A chorro-morro game

• Games similar to the A chorro-morro

Other leapfrog games

SKIPPING GAMES

Individual skipping games

Group skipping games

• A lo alto. Para arriba (Up the Valley. Jumping Up)

• • A pares. A lo fuerte. A lo fuerte con estirón (Fast skipping game like Jenny Jenny, I like Coffee....)
  • A un. A dos
  • Al motrollón
  • Dialogues and performances
  • Skipping until you stop
  • Other songs to play A lo alto

• A lo bajo. Para abajo (Down the Valley. Jumping Down)

• • Slow skipping (walking)
  • A olas
  • A la culebrita
  • Biraka

FRENCH SKIPPING

HOPSCOTCH

Games where the stone is not tossed

• Courts in cross shape with double arms

• Rectangular courts

Games where the stone is moved

• Courts in cross shape with double arms

• Rectangular courts

Other hopscotch games

DIFFERENT JUMPING GAMES

• Long jump

• High jump

• Other jumping games

 

VIII. SWINGING GAMES

Swings

Seesaws

Ox wagon pole

Other swinging games

 

IX. THROWING GAMES

Stone throwing

• Distance stone is thrown

• Height stone is thrown

• Throwing stones into water

• Marksmanship

• Stone throwing battles

• Other stone throwing games

Clay games: tapulero

Pole throwing

• Zeanuri version

• Carranza, Bernedo, Laguardia, Pipaón, Salvatierra, Pamplona and Abadiano versions

• Apodaca, Elosua and Amézaga de Zuya versions

• Gamboa, Galdames and Muskiz versions

• Aoiz and San Martín de Unx versions

• San Martín de Améscoa, Ondarroa, Obanos, Bernedo, Lanestosa, Durango, Apellániz and Quintana versions

• Narvaja and Mendiola versions

• Beasain, Zerain, Elgoibar, Allo, Garde, Bilbao and Portugalete versions

• Versi Sangüesa, Apellániz, Ezkio and Tafalla versions

• Mendibe version

• Ribera Alta versions

Games with oak galls, seeds and marbles

• Oak galls

• Seeds

• Marbles

• • Games of throwing marbles into a hole
  • Into a triangle
  • Hitting game. A taco y palmo (Ringer)
  • Marble races

Coin throwing

• Throwing coins into the air

• Throwing coins into a hole

• Throwing coins into a geometric shape

• Throwing coins against a wall

• Throwing coins to a line

• Knocking coins from a perch

• Flipping coins on the floor games

Throwing lids of match boxes, stickers and cards

Throwing metal tops, rubber stoppers or stones

Games with bottle tops

• Bottle top races

• Other games with tops

Ball throwing

• A Cato ball game

• A Campo Quemao (dodge ball)

• Games similar to baseball

• Churra tag ball

• Individual ball games

Carbide pot throwing

 

X. GAMES OF SKILL

Knucklebones

• The aspects of the game

• Names of the jacks and the knucklebone game

• The sides of the jacks

• Four positions

• Planting the jacks

• Other versions of the game

• The tabasen Arizkun game

• Games with large jacks

Games with stones

• Bostarrika

• La pitamora

Games with stickers

• Aspects of the game

• Different games with stickers

• • Flipping them
  • Against the wall
  • Cardboard and txapalankas
  • Pouches
  • Throwing them
  • A die
  • Matching
  • Other versions of the games

Games with pins and toothpicks

• A montar alfileres. Orrazka

• Al polvete

• Agujas al montón

• A esconder alfileres

• Al monto

• A los palillos

Spinning top. Trompaka

• Versions

• • Spinning the top in a circle
  • Hurling the top on coins or tops

• Peonza spinning top

The hinque stick

• Standing hinque stick game

• Hinque stick game in a circle

• Playing hinque stick game with a penknife

Games of skills with different joys

• Hoops

• Juggling diabolo

• Yo-yo

• Roller-skating

• Back and forth ball game

• Bowls

• Hula-hoop

• Balancing stick

 

XI. HAND AND FINGER GAMES

Cat's cradle Kumak

• Cradle

• Mesh

• Candles

• Cradle

• Envelope

• Mesh

• Cobweb or frog

• Newts

• Candles

• Up the mountain. Cross

• Star or mirror

• Chinese puzzle

• Glossary of figures

Stone passing games

Hand games

• Game of the Goose board game

• Santa Teresita

• Clapping games

• Hand warming

• Txan txibirin

• Telegram

• Wall shadows

• Hacer la campana

Clapping games. Txaloka

• En la calle 24 clapping song

• Mimicking

• Joking

• Other clapping songs

 

XII. RHYTHMIC GAMES

Singing games

• Al corro de las patatas

• Tengo una muñeca

• Arroz con leche, me quiero casar

• Al corro chirimbolo

• Que llueva, que llueva

• Dónde vas Alfonso XII

• El patio de mi casa

• Viva la media naranja

• Hacer corro caballeros

• Doña Concha. Uh, uh, uh. La mariposa

• Que vivan las señoritas

• La pastora

• Jardinera

• Tiene la tarara

• A esa niña que está en medio

• Qué hermoso pelo tienes

• Don Melitón

• San Serenín del monte

• Cu-cú, cantaba la rana

• Una valencianita. Una mariposita

• Miruflita. Dónde va la mi cojita

• Juana Josepa tronpeta. Txilin-txilinka. Urruru

• A las campanas de San Miguel. A las tinajicas de miel

• La hornera

• Milano milano

• Otsotan

• Mariquita barre, barre

• Que te pi, que te pa. A pisar

• Al pavo, pavito, pavo. Nor da dantzari?

• Eran tres alpinos

• Bat, bide, hiru, lau

• A la ronde du muguet

• A la tresse jolie tresse

• Zin zin la soupe à l’oseille

• El anillo

• En Tolosa hay un convento

• En Cádiz hay una niña

Face-off games in rows

• Ambo-ato, matarile-rile-rile

• ¿Dónde estan las llaves? matarile-rile-rile

• Pase misí, pase misá. Zubiri, zubiri. A la víbora

• Al alimón, al alimón

• Zurixe gorrixe kikirriki

• Teresa la marquesa

• Soy capitán de un barco inglés

Singing in the round games

• Mambrú se fue a la guerra

• El Conde Laurel.Yo soy la viudita

• La cantinerita

• Estaba la pájara pinta

• La señora Juana. A la Marisola

• Quisiera ser tan alta como la luna

• Estaba el señor don gato

• ¿Qué haces ahí mozo viejo?

• Mi abuela tiene un peral

• A la hoja, hoja

• A cerner

 

XIII. MIMICKING, ROLE-PLAY AND IMITATION GAMES

Imitation games

• Mummies and Daddies

• Shopping

• Tea parties

• Farm work

• Doctors and nurses

• Transport

• Cowboys

• Shepherdess

• Copy me

• Television presenter

Mimicking and staging games

• Antón Pirulero

• Colours. Heaven or hell.

• Slowly Slowly

• Statues

• Teachers

• Religious ceremonies

• Warfare

• Guessing something from gestures

• Skits

• Acting romances

 

XIV. LANGUAGE GAMES

Group verbal skills games

• Miscreants

• Word chains

• Names

• Tall tales

• Telephone

Individual verbal skills games: tongue twisters

Cryptic languages

Dialogues, recitals and banter

• Linked dialogues in Basque: Kukurruku

• • Northern Basque Country (lying within France) versions
  • Navarra versions
  • Gipuzkoa and Bizkaia versions

• Rhymed dialogues in Spanish: Quiquiriqui

• Other linked dialogues in Basque

• Other linked dialogues in Spanish

• Totorika

• Number songs

• Humorous accounts

• Never-ending stories

• Jokes and banter

 

XV. GUESSING GAMES. RIDDLES

I spy

• Ikusi-makusi. Veo-veo

• Bizi dira, bizi dira.

• Batun, batun. Etxeketan

• Portraits

• Characters

• Quién te ha picado

• Garments

• Milano, milano

• Aceitero-vinagrero

• De codín, de codán

• Names. Hangman

• Dead and injured

• Hidden number

Games with pins and other objects

• Ixkilimak edo punttakoak

• A punta o cape. A punta o clavo. A punta cazo

• A los cabezotes

• Al pun y al dos

• Izkilin-jokua harripean

• Sorgin-marra

• Al almendruño. Al endruño

• Zonbat ukabilian?

• Xandelak artian, pipitek artian

• Zaldunka

• Al florón. Al polvorón

• A la llave

• Kanika txiki

• Aizekunde

• Sorgin-jokoa

• Harri-gordetzea

• Alpargataka. A la alpargata

• A frío-caliente. Hotz-beroka

• Al cintazo

• Palomita blanca. Huts ala beteka

• A cara y cruz

• A la porra. A los chinos

• A los caparrones. Al par o no

Blindfold games

• Blind man's buff

• Itsu-kapeluka

• Itsu-mandoka. Itsu-astoka

• Ordutan

• Piel de conejo

Riddles

• Riddles in Basque

• Riddles in Spanish

 

XVI. DIFFERENT GAMES. CHILDREN'S COLLECTIBLE ITEMS

Noughts and Crosses

Table games

• The lottery

• Card games

• • Games to form pairs
  • Discarding games according to the suit or numbering. Old Maid
  • El burro
  • War
  • Broom
  • Wind murder card games
  • Other card games
  • Games to form families

Fighting games

Sliding games

Games with sand, water and in the sea

Making soap and other bubbles

Different games

• • A la cerillita
  • A vamos
  • A pedos calientes
  • A no pisar la raya
  • Al padrejón
  • Al palo

Different games

• Rise in collecting

• Stickers

• Other collections

 

XVII. TOYS. CHILDREN'S CRAFTS

Toy developments: decline in their craft production

Toys preferred by girls

• Dolls

• Tea parties. Shopping

Instruments to make music and noise

• Whistles

• Other wind instruments

• Percussion instruments

Weapons

• Toys used to throw objects

• • Catapults
  • Bows and arrows
  • Peg gun
  • Blowpipes and paper thrower
  • Slings

• Imitation adult weapons

• Explosives

• Bladders

Imitation vehicles as toys

• Miniatures

• Goitiberak

• Skates and sledges

Making balls

Other toys

• • Cameras
  • Making skulls
  • Building dens
  • Origami
  • Tanks
  • Telephone
  • Puppets
  • Kites
  • Kaleidoscope
  • Intxaur-metroa
  • Pinball
  • Pinwheels
  • Birdcages

 

XVIII. ORGANISED GAMES AT POPULAR FESTIVITIES

Most common games

• Musical chairs

• Sack races

• Pot breaking

Games where the mouth is used instead of hands

• Using your mouth to pick up coins from a container filled with water

• Using your mouth to pick up coins from a container filled with flour

• Using your mouth to pick up coins from the back of a frying pan

• Eating hanging apples

• Dunking for apples in a bucket of water

• Picking up biscuits

• Filling bottles with water

• Egg and spoon races

Games in pairs

• Egg and spoon races in pairs

• Dancing with an egg on your forehead

• Potato dance

• Broom dance

• Wheelbarrow racing

• Sopa Boba

• Races in pairs

Races

• Bicycle races

• Horse and donkey races

• Balancing races

• Balloon races

• Collecting corn husks

• Traditional races

Soka-tira competitions

Large wooden pole

Catching and releasing animals

Other entertainment